//! Tracking and managing windows.

use std::cmp::{min, Ordering};

use crate::{
    buttons,
    config::BORDER_WIDTH,
    conn_info::Connection,
    debug,
    error::{Error, Result},
    WM,
};
use xcb::{
    x::{
        self, ChangeProperty, ConfigWindow, ConfigWindowMask, ConfigureNotifyEvent,
        ConfigureRequestEvent, ConfigureWindow, DeleteProperty, DestroyNotifyEvent, Drawable,
        EventMask, GetGeometry, GetWindowAttributes, InputFocus, MapRequestEvent, PropMode,
        SetInputFocus, UnmapNotifyEvent, Window,
    },
    xinerama, Extension,
};

pub use client::*;
pub use hints::*;
pub use monitors::*;

#[doc(hidden)]
mod client;

#[doc(hidden)]
mod hints;

#[doc(hidden)]
mod monitors;

mod tile;

/// The tag a client has, similar to a workspace in most WMs.
pub type Tag = u8;

impl WM<'_> {
    /// Perform configure requests if we're happy with them, or they're for an unmanaged window.
    pub(crate) fn handle_configure_request(&mut self, e: &ConfigureRequestEvent) -> Result<()> {
        if let Some(c) = self.clients.find_client_mut(e.window()) {
            // Always allow setting border width
            if c.floating() {
                c.set_geom_from(&self.conn, e);
            } else if e.value_mask().contains(ConfigWindowMask::BORDER_WIDTH) {
                c.set_geom(
                    &self.conn,
                    c.x(),
                    c.y(),
                    c.height(),
                    c.width(),
                    e.border_width(),
                );
            }

            // TODO: Allow changing some properties:
            //   - Border width
            //   - Size and position if floating
            c.configure_notify(&self.conn);
        } else {
            // Configure it as requested, and sort the rest when we actually map the window
            self.conn.send_and_check_request(&ConfigureWindow {
                window: e.window(),
                value_list: &[
                    ConfigWindow::X(e.x().into()),
                    ConfigWindow::Y(e.y().into()),
                    ConfigWindow::Width(e.width().into()),
                    ConfigWindow::Height(e.height().into()),
                    ConfigWindow::BorderWidth(e.border_width().into()),
                    ConfigWindow::StackMode(e.stack_mode()),
                ],
            })?;
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Update our monitor geometry if the root window is reconfigured
    pub(crate) fn handle_configure_notify(&mut self, e: &ConfigureNotifyEvent) -> Result<()> {
        if e.window() == self.conn.root() {
            self.clients.update_geometry(&self.conn)?;
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Removing destroyed windows from the client list and rearrange.
    pub(crate) fn handle_destroy_notify(&mut self, e: &DestroyNotifyEvent) {
        self.clients.unmanage_destroyed(&self.conn, e.window());
    }

    /// Map a window, starting to manage it if needed.
    pub(crate) fn handle_map_request(&mut self, e: &MapRequestEvent) -> Result<()> {
        // Ignore already managed windows
        if self.clients.find_client_mut(e.window()).is_some() {
            return Ok(());
        }

        let attrs = self.conn.wait_for_reply(
            self.conn
                .send_request(&GetWindowAttributes { window: e.window() }),
        )?;
        if attrs.override_redirect() {
            // Something special, or us doing actual mapping. Don't manage it just let it do its thing.
            return Ok(());
        }

        // Start managing, and map window
        self.clients.manage(&self.conn, e.window());

        Ok(())
    }

    /// When a window is unmapped, update its state.
    pub(crate) fn handle_unmap_notify(&mut self, e: &UnmapNotifyEvent) {
        if let Some(c) = self.clients.find_client_mut(e.window()) {
            let cookie = c.set_withdrawn(&self.conn, true);
            // The above may fail if the window has already been destroyed - just discard the error here.
            let _ = self.conn.check_request(cookie);
        }
    }
}

/// Holds state related to the window manager's clients
/// This contains a list of clients per monitor, alongside info on that monitor's screen size.
pub struct ClientState {
    /// The current arranging function.
    /// This function is expected to ensure that all clients are the correct size, reconfigure them if needed, and map/unmap as needed.
    arrange: &'static dyn Fn(&mut MonitorInfo, &Connection<'_>),

    /// A client list for each monitor.
    mons: Vec<MonitorInfo>,

    /// Co-ordinates to the currently focused window.
    focused: (usize, usize),
}

impl ClientState {
    /// Update the recorded monitors and monitor sizes, retiling if necessary.
    pub fn update_geometry(&mut self, conn: &Connection<'_>) -> Result<()> {
        let mut dirty = false;
        if conn.active_extensions().any(|e| e == Extension::Xinerama) {
            let reply = conn.wait_for_reply(conn.send_request(&xinerama::QueryScreens {}))?;

            // Monitor removed, move its clients away
            if reply.screen_info().len() > self.monitor_count() {
                dirty = true;
                self.truncate_screens(reply.screen_info().len());
            }

            // Update screen info & add new client lists if needed
            for (i, monitor) in reply.screen_info().iter().enumerate() {
                dirty |= self.set_monitor_geometry(i, (*monitor).into());
            }
        } else {
            // Only one screen
            if self.monitor_count() > 1 {
                dirty = true;
                self.truncate_screens(1);
            }

            // TODO: it looks like this won't actually update when the screen size changes?
            let setup = conn.get_setup();
            let screen = setup
                .roots()
                .nth(conn.screen_num())
                .ok_or(Error::NoSuchScreen)?;

            dirty |= self.set_monitor_geometry(
                0,
                MonitorGeometry {
                    x_org: 0,
                    y_org: 0,
                    width: screen.width_in_pixels(),
                    height: screen.height_in_pixels(),
                },
            );
        }

        if dirty {
            self.rearrange(conn);
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Start managing the given window, adding it to the client list and ensuring its configuration is valid.
    pub fn manage(&mut self, conn: &Connection<'_>, window: Window) {
        let mut mon = self.focused_mon();
        let mut floating = false;
        if let Some(parent) = hints::transient_for(conn, window) {
            floating = true;
            if let Some((parent_mon, _)) = self.find_client_pos(parent) {
                mon = parent_mon;
            }
        }

        let Ok(geom) = conn.wait_for_reply(conn.send_request(&GetGeometry {
            drawable: Drawable::Window(window),
        })) else {
            return; // window stopped existing, so we can't manage it
        };

        // We're about to invalidate focus position
        self.unfocus(conn);
        // TODO: inserting at index 0 is why dwm uses linked lists, maybe this can be improved
        let tag = self.mons[mon].focused_tag.create_tag();
        self.mons[mon].clients.insert(0, Client::new(window, tag));

        let mon_geom @ MonitorGeometry {
            width: mon_width,
            height: mon_height,
            ..
        } = self.mons[mon].screen_info;

        let c = &mut self.mons[mon].clients[0];
        #[allow(clippy::cast_sign_loss)]
        c.set_geom(
            conn,
            geom.x(),
            geom.y(),
            min(geom.width(), mon_width.saturating_sub(geom.x() as u16)),
            min(geom.height(), mon_height.saturating_sub(geom.y() as u16)),
            BORDER_WIDTH,
        );
        c.set_border(conn, conn.colours.border_normal());

        if floating {
            c.set_floating(conn);
        }

        c.sync_hints(conn, true);
        c.apply_geometry_hints(conn, &mon_geom);

        c.ensure_mapped(conn);

        c.set_event_mask(
            conn,
            EventMask::ENTER_WINDOW
                | EventMask::FOCUS_CHANGE
                | EventMask::PROPERTY_CHANGE
                | EventMask::STRUCTURE_NOTIFY,
        );

        // Add to net_client_list
        conn.send_request(&ChangeProperty {
            mode: xcb::x::PropMode::Append,
            window: conn.root(),
            property: conn.atoms.net_client_list,
            r#type: x::ATOM_WINDOW,
            data: &[window],
        });
        c.set_withdrawn(conn, false);

        self.refocus(conn, mon, 0);
        self.rearrange_monitor(conn, mon);
    }

    /// Stop managing the given destroyed window
    pub fn unmanage_destroyed(&mut self, conn: &Connection<'_>, window: Window) {
        let Some((mon, i)) = self.find_client_pos(window) else {
            return;
        };
        self.mons[mon].clients.remove(i);

        self.rearrange(conn);
    }

    /// Refocus on the client with the given co-ordinates, setting X11 properties as required.
    /// If the given index is invalid, focus on the root instead.
    pub fn refocus(&mut self, conn: &Connection<'_>, mon: usize, i: usize) {
        self.unfocus(conn);
        if let Some(new) = self.set_focused(mon, i) {
            new.set_border(conn, conn.colours.border_focused());
            new.sync_hints(conn, true);
            buttons::grab(conn, new.window(), true);
            if !new.never_focus() {
                conn.send_request(&SetInputFocus {
                    revert_to: InputFocus::PointerRoot,
                    focus: new.window(),
                    time: x::CURRENT_TIME,
                });
                conn.send_request(&ChangeProperty {
                    window: conn.root(),
                    mode: PropMode::Replace,
                    property: conn.atoms.net_active_window,
                    r#type: x::ATOM_WINDOW,
                    data: &[new.window()],
                });
                conn.send_event(new.window(), conn.atoms.wm_take_focus);
            }
        } else {
            conn.send_request(&SetInputFocus {
                revert_to: InputFocus::PointerRoot,
                focus: conn.root(),
                time: x::CURRENT_TIME,
            });
            conn.send_request(&DeleteProperty {
                window: conn.root(),
                property: conn.atoms.net_active_window,
            });
        }
    }

    /// Unfocus the currently focused window, if it exists.
    pub fn unfocus(&mut self, conn: &Connection<'_>) {
        if let Some(old) = self.focused_mut() {
            old.set_border(conn, conn.colours.border_normal());
            buttons::grab(conn, old.window(), false);
        }
    }

    /// Go to the next or previous window in the current monitor, looping around if needed
    pub fn change_focus(&mut self, conn: &Connection<'_>, increase: bool) {
        if self.focused.0 >= self.mons.len() {
            return;
        }

        let mon = self.focused.0;
        if self.mons[mon].clients.is_empty() {
            return;
        }

        self.refocus(
            conn,
            mon,
            if increase {
                (self.focused.1 + 1) % self.mons[mon].clients.len()
            } else if self.focused.1 > 0 {
                self.focused.1 - 1
            } else {
                self.mons[mon].clients.len() - 1
            },
        );
    }

    /// Toggle whether the client with the given position is floating
    pub fn toggle_floating(&mut self, conn: &Connection<'_>, (mon, pos): (usize, usize)) {
        let c = &mut self.mons[mon].clients[pos];
        if c.tiled() {
            c.set_floating(conn);
        } else {
            c.set_tiled(conn);
        }

        self.rearrange_monitor(conn, mon);
    }

    /// Toggle whether the client with the given position is fullscreen
    pub fn toggle_fullscreen(&mut self, conn: &Connection<'_>, (mon, pos): (usize, usize)) {
        let mon_info = &mut self.mons[mon];
        let c = &mut mon_info.clients[pos];
        if c.tiled() {
            c.set_fullscreen(conn, &mon_info.screen_info);
        } else {
            c.set_tiled(conn);
        }

        self.rearrange_monitor(conn, mon);
    }

    /// Set the focused tag for the given monitor
    pub fn set_mon_tag_focus(&mut self, conn: &Connection<'_>, mon: usize, tag_focus: TagFocus) {
        // Hide windows from currently focused tag filter
        let curr_focus = self.mons[mon].focused_tag;
        self.mons[mon]
            .clients
            .iter_mut()
            .filter(|c| curr_focus.matches(c.tag))
            .for_each(|c| c.ensure_unmapped(conn));

        debug!("setting tag focus to {:?} on mon {}", tag_focus, mon);
        self.mons[mon].focused_tag = tag_focus;
        self.unfocus(conn);
        self.rearrange_monitor(conn, mon);
    }

    /// Set the tag for the given client
    pub fn set_client_tag(&mut self, conn: &Connection<'_>, (mon, pos): (usize, usize), tag: Tag) {
        if let Some(c) = self.client_mut(mon, pos) {
            if c.tag == tag {
                return;
            }

            debug!("moving client with window {:?} to tag {}", c.window(), tag);
            c.tag = tag;
            c.ensure_unmapped(conn);
            self.unfocus(conn);
            self.rearrange_monitor(conn, mon);
        }
    }

    /// Get the amount of monitors this state is currently aware of
    pub fn monitor_count(&self) -> usize {
        self.mons.len()
    }

    /// Set the new amount of screens, without unmanaging any clients.
    fn truncate_screens(&mut self, new_size: usize) {
        // HACK: working around double borrow stuff
        match new_size.cmp(&self.mons.len()) {
            Ordering::Greater => {
                for _ in 0..new_size - self.mons.len() {
                    self.mons.push(MonitorInfo::default());
                }
            }
            Ordering::Less => {
                let mut moved_clients = vec![];
                for old in self.mons.drain(new_size - self.mons.len()..self.mons.len()) {
                    moved_clients.extend(old.clients.into_iter());
                }
                self.mons[0].clients.extend(moved_clients);
            }
            Ordering::Equal => (),
        }
    }

    /// Set the given screen's geometry, resizing the monitor list if necessary.
    /// Returns true if the new info is different from the old one.
    fn set_monitor_geometry(&mut self, i: usize, info: MonitorGeometry) -> bool {
        while i >= self.mons.len() {
            self.mons.push(MonitorInfo::default());
        }
        let dirty = self.mons[i].screen_info != info;
        self.mons[i].screen_info = info;

        dirty
    }

    /// Find the [`Client`] corresponding to the given window
    pub fn find_client_mut(&mut self, window: Window) -> Option<&mut Client> {
        let (mon, i) = self.find_client_pos(window)?;
        Some(&mut self.mons[mon].clients[i])
    }

    /// Find the position of the client with the given window, returning (monitor, index)
    pub fn find_client_pos(&mut self, window: Window) -> Option<(usize, usize)> {
        for (pos_mon, mon) in self.mons.iter_mut().enumerate() {
            if let Some(pos) = mon.clients.iter().position(|c| c.window() == window) {
                return Some((pos_mon, pos));
            }
        }

        None
    }

    /// Get a reference to the currently focused client, if it exists.
    pub fn focused(&self) -> Option<&Client> {
        self.client(self.focused.0, self.focused.1)
    }

    /// Get the position of the currently focused client, if it exists
    pub fn focused_pos(&self) -> Option<(usize, usize)> {
        let (mon, pos) = self.focused;
        if mon < self.mons.len() && pos < self.mons[mon].clients.len() {
            Some((mon, pos))
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    /// Get a mutable reference to the currently focused client, if it exists.
    pub fn focused_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut Client> {
        self.client_mut(self.focused.0, self.focused.1)
    }

    /// Get the position of the currently focused client. This position may be invalid.
    pub fn is_focused(&self, e: Window) -> bool {
        self.focused().is_some_and(|c| c.window() == e)
    }

    /// Set the currently focused client, returning a mutable reference to it if the co-ordinates are valid.
    pub fn set_focused(&mut self, mut mon: usize, mut i: usize) -> Option<&mut Client> {
        if self.mons.is_empty() {
            return None;
        }

        if mon >= self.mons.len() {
            mon = self.mons.len() - 1;
        }

        if self.mons[mon].clients.is_empty() {
            return None;
        }

        if i >= self.mons[mon].clients.len() {
            i = self.mons[mon].clients.len() - 1;
        }

        self.focused = (mon, i);
        Some(&mut self.mons[mon].clients[i])
    }

    /// Get a mutable reference to the client at the given co-ordinates, if they are valid.
    pub fn client(&self, mon: usize, i: usize) -> Option<&Client> {
        if mon < self.mons.len() && i < self.mons[mon].clients.len() {
            Some(&self.mons[mon].clients[i])
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    /// Get a mutable reference to the client at the given co-ordinates, if they are valid.
    pub fn client_mut(&mut self, mon: usize, i: usize) -> Option<&mut Client> {
        if mon < self.mons.len() && i < self.mons[mon].clients.len() {
            Some(&mut self.mons[mon].clients[i])
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    /// Rearrange all clients, reconfiguring them as needed.
    pub fn rearrange(&mut self, conn: &Connection<'_>) {
        for mon in 0..self.monitor_count() {
            self.rearrange_monitor(conn, mon);
        }
    }

    /// Rearrange a specific monitor
    fn rearrange_monitor(&mut self, conn: &Connection<'_>, mon: usize) {
        (self.arrange)(&mut self.mons[mon], conn);
    }

    /// Get the currently focused monitor
    pub const fn focused_mon(&self) -> usize {
        self.focused.0
    }

    /// Get the geometry of the monitor with the given index
    pub fn mon_geometry(&self, mon: usize) -> MonitorGeometry {
        self.mons[mon].screen_info
    }
}

impl Default for ClientState {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            arrange: &tile::tile,
            focused: (0, 0),
            mons: vec![],
        }
    }
}

impl std::fmt::Debug for ClientState {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("ClientState")
            .field("focused", &self.focused)
            .field("mons", &self.mons)
            .finish_non_exhaustive()
    }
}