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authorEelco Dolstra <edolstra@gmail.com>2020-07-23 10:44:54 +0200
committerEelco Dolstra <edolstra@gmail.com>2020-07-23 18:27:11 +0200
commitf3903035667e158112dfd414091d8d50ef90c5f4 (patch)
tree4b9e6e9568104e1cf46cfd0e6f5e7103ddfadd27 /doc/manual/src/command-ref
parentc20c0823838d257b1e18e71c307f53afac0d2b39 (diff)
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-rw-r--r--doc/manual/src/command-ref/command-ref.md2
-rw-r--r--doc/manual/src/command-ref/env-common.md112
-rw-r--r--doc/manual/src/command-ref/opt-common.md221
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diff --git a/doc/manual/src/command-ref/command-ref.md b/doc/manual/src/command-ref/command-ref.md
index b15a50a3b..2c7dbf22e 100644
--- a/doc/manual/src/command-ref/command-ref.md
+++ b/doc/manual/src/command-ref/command-ref.md
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+# Command Reference
+
This section lists commands and options that you can use when you
work with Nix.
diff --git a/doc/manual/src/command-ref/env-common.md b/doc/manual/src/command-ref/env-common.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..14e08e0f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/manual/src/command-ref/env-common.md
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+# Common Environment Variables
+
+Most Nix commands interpret the following environment variables:
+
+ - `IN_NIX_SHELL`
+ Indicator that tells if the current environment was set up by
+ `nix-shell`. Since Nix 2.0 the values are `"pure"` and `"impure"`
+
+ - `NIX_PATH`
+ A colon-separated list of directories used to look up Nix
+ expressions enclosed in angle brackets (i.e., `<path>`). For
+ instance, the value
+
+ /home/eelco/Dev:/etc/nixos
+
+ will cause Nix to look for paths relative to `/home/eelco/Dev` and
+ `/etc/nixos`, in this order. It is also possible to match paths
+ against a prefix. For example, the value
+
+ nixpkgs=/home/eelco/Dev/nixpkgs-branch:/etc/nixos
+
+ will cause Nix to search for `<nixpkgs/path>` in
+ `/home/eelco/Dev/nixpkgs-branch/path` and `/etc/nixos/nixpkgs/path`.
+
+ If a path in the Nix search path starts with `http://` or
+ `https://`, it is interpreted as the URL of a tarball that will be
+ downloaded and unpacked to a temporary location. The tarball must
+ consist of a single top-level directory. For example, setting
+ `NIX_PATH` to
+
+ nixpkgs=https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/nixos-15.09.tar.gz
+
+ tells Nix to download the latest revision in the Nixpkgs/NixOS 15.09
+ channel.
+
+ A following shorthand can be used to refer to the official channels:
+
+ nixpkgs=channel:nixos-15.09
+
+ The search path can be extended using the `-I` option, which takes
+ precedence over `NIX_PATH`.
+
+ - `NIX_IGNORE_SYMLINK_STORE`
+ Normally, the Nix store directory (typically `/nix/store`) is not
+ allowed to contain any symlink components. This is to prevent
+ “impure” builds. Builders sometimes “canonicalise” paths by
+ resolving all symlink components. Thus, builds on different machines
+ (with `/nix/store` resolving to different locations) could yield
+ different results. This is generally not a problem, except when
+ builds are deployed to machines where `/nix/store` resolves
+ differently. If you are sure that you’re not going to do that, you
+ can set `NIX_IGNORE_SYMLINK_STORE` to `1`.
+
+ Note that if you’re symlinking the Nix store so that you can put it
+ on another file system than the root file system, on Linux you’re
+ better off using `bind` mount points, e.g.,
+
+ $ mkdir /nix
+ $ mount -o bind /mnt/otherdisk/nix /nix
+
+ Consult the mount 8 manual page for details.
+
+ - `NIX_STORE_DIR`
+ Overrides the location of the Nix store (default `prefix/store`).
+
+ - `NIX_DATA_DIR`
+ Overrides the location of the Nix static data directory (default
+ `prefix/share`).
+
+ - `NIX_LOG_DIR`
+ Overrides the location of the Nix log directory (default
+ `prefix/var/log/nix`).
+
+ - `NIX_STATE_DIR`
+ Overrides the location of the Nix state directory (default
+ `prefix/var/nix`).
+
+ - `NIX_CONF_DIR`
+ Overrides the location of the system Nix configuration directory
+ (default `prefix/etc/nix`).
+
+ - `NIX_USER_CONF_FILES`
+ Overrides the location of the user Nix configuration files to load
+ from (defaults to the XDG spec locations). The variable is treated
+ as a list separated by the `:` token.
+
+ - `TMPDIR`
+ Use the specified directory to store temporary files. In particular,
+ this includes temporary build directories; these can take up
+ substantial amounts of disk space. The default is `/tmp`.
+
+ - `NIX_REMOTE`
+ This variable should be set to `daemon` if you want to use the Nix
+ daemon to execute Nix operations. This is necessary in [multi-user
+ Nix installations](#ssec-multi-user). If the Nix daemon's Unix
+ socket is at some non-standard path, this variable should be set to
+ `unix://path/to/socket`. Otherwise, it should be left unset.
+
+ - `NIX_SHOW_STATS`
+ If set to `1`, Nix will print some evaluation statistics, such as
+ the number of values allocated.
+
+ - `NIX_COUNT_CALLS`
+ If set to `1`, Nix will print how often functions were called during
+ Nix expression evaluation. This is useful for profiling your Nix
+ expressions.
+
+ - `GC_INITIAL_HEAP_SIZE`
+ If Nix has been configured to use the Boehm garbage collector, this
+ variable sets the initial size of the heap in bytes. It defaults to
+ 384 MiB. Setting it to a low value reduces memory consumption, but
+ will increase runtime due to the overhead of garbage collection.
diff --git a/doc/manual/src/command-ref/opt-common.md b/doc/manual/src/command-ref/opt-common.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ac9d996c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/manual/src/command-ref/opt-common.md
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+# Common Options
+
+Most Nix commands accept the following command-line options:
+
+ - `--help`
+ Prints out a summary of the command syntax and exits.
+
+ - `--version`
+ Prints out the Nix version number on standard output and exits.
+
+ - `--verbose` / `-v`
+ Increases the level of verbosity of diagnostic messages printed on
+ standard error. For each Nix operation, the information printed on
+ standard output is well-defined; any diagnostic information is
+ printed on standard error, never on standard output.
+
+ This option may be specified repeatedly. Currently, the following
+ verbosity levels exist:
+
+ - 0
+ “Errors only”: only print messages explaining why the Nix
+ invocation failed.
+
+ - 1
+ “Informational”: print *useful* messages about what Nix is
+ doing. This is the default.
+
+ - 2
+ “Talkative”: print more informational messages.
+
+ - 3
+ “Chatty”: print even more informational messages.
+
+ - 4
+ “Debug”: print debug information.
+
+ - 5
+ “Vomit”: print vast amounts of debug information.
+
+ - `--quiet`
+ Decreases the level of verbosity of diagnostic messages printed on
+ standard error. This is the inverse option to `-v` / `--verbose`.
+
+ This option may be specified repeatedly. See the previous verbosity
+ levels list.
+
+ - `--log-format` format
+ This option can be used to change the output of the log format, with
+ format being one of:
+
+ - raw
+ This is the raw format, as outputted by nix-build.
+
+ - internal-json
+ Outputs the logs in a structured manner. NOTE: the json schema
+ is not guarantees to be stable between releases.
+
+ - bar
+ Only display a progress bar during the builds.
+
+ - bar-with-logs
+ Display the raw logs, with the progress bar at the bottom.
+
+ - `--no-build-output` / `-Q`
+ By default, output written by builders to standard output and
+ standard error is echoed to the Nix command's standard error. This
+ option suppresses this behaviour. Note that the builder's standard
+ output and error are always written to a log file in
+ `prefix/nix/var/log/nix`.
+
+ - `--max-jobs` / `-j` number
+ Sets the maximum number of build jobs that Nix will perform in
+ parallel to the specified number. Specify `auto` to use the number
+ of CPUs in the system. The default is specified by the
+ [`max-jobs`](#conf-max-jobs) configuration setting, which itself
+ defaults to `1`. A higher value is useful on SMP systems or to
+ exploit I/O latency.
+
+ Setting it to `0` disallows building on the local machine, which is
+ useful when you want builds to happen only on remote builders.
+
+ - `--cores`
+ Sets the value of the `NIX_BUILD_CORES` environment variable in the
+ invocation of builders. Builders can use this variable at their
+ discretion to control the maximum amount of parallelism. For
+ instance, in Nixpkgs, if the derivation attribute
+ `enableParallelBuilding` is set to `true`, the builder passes the
+ `-jN` flag to GNU Make. It defaults to the value of the
+ [`cores`](#conf-cores) configuration setting, if set, or `1`
+ otherwise. The value `0` means that the builder should use all
+ available CPU cores in the system.
+
+ - `--max-silent-time`
+ Sets the maximum number of seconds that a builder can go without
+ producing any data on standard output or standard error. The default
+ is specified by the [`max-silent-time`](#conf-max-silent-time)
+ configuration setting. `0` means no time-out.
+
+ - `--timeout`
+ Sets the maximum number of seconds that a builder can run. The
+ default is specified by the [`timeout`](#conf-timeout) configuration
+ setting. `0` means no timeout.
+
+ - `--keep-going` / `-k`
+ Keep going in case of failed builds, to the greatest extent
+ possible. That is, if building an input of some derivation fails,
+ Nix will still build the other inputs, but not the derivation
+ itself. Without this option, Nix stops if any build fails (except
+ for builds of substitutes), possibly killing builds in progress (in
+ case of parallel or distributed builds).
+
+ - `--keep-failed` / `-K`
+ Specifies that in case of a build failure, the temporary directory
+ (usually in `/tmp`) in which the build takes place should not be
+ deleted. The path of the build directory is printed as an
+ informational message.
+
+ - `--fallback`
+ Whenever Nix attempts to build a derivation for which substitutes
+ are known for each output path, but realising the output paths
+ through the substitutes fails, fall back on building the derivation.
+
+ The most common scenario in which this is useful is when we have
+ registered substitutes in order to perform binary distribution from,
+ say, a network repository. If the repository is down, the
+ realisation of the derivation will fail. When this option is
+ specified, Nix will build the derivation instead. Thus, installation
+ from binaries falls back on installation from source. This option is
+ not the default since it is generally not desirable for a transient
+ failure in obtaining the substitutes to lead to a full build from
+ source (with the related consumption of resources).
+
+ - `--no-build-hook`
+ Disables the build hook mechanism. This allows to ignore remote
+ builders if they are setup on the machine.
+
+ It's useful in cases where the bandwidth between the client and the
+ remote builder is too low. In that case it can take more time to
+ upload the sources to the remote builder and fetch back the result
+ than to do the computation locally.
+
+ - `--readonly-mode`
+ When this option is used, no attempt is made to open the Nix
+ database. Most Nix operations do need database access, so those
+ operations will fail.
+
+ - `--arg` name value
+ This option is accepted by `nix-env`, `nix-instantiate`, `nix-shell`
+ and `nix-build`. When evaluating Nix expressions, the expression
+ evaluator will automatically try to call functions that it
+ encounters. It can automatically call functions for which every
+ argument has a [default value](#ss-functions) (e.g., `{ argName ?
+ defaultValue }:
+ ...`). With `--arg`, you can also call functions that have arguments
+ without a default value (or override a default value). That is, if
+ the evaluator encounters a function with an argument named name, it
+ will call it with value value.
+
+ For instance, the top-level `default.nix` in Nixpkgs is actually a
+ function:
+
+ { # The system (e.g., `i686-linux') for which to build the packages.
+ system ? builtins.currentSystem
+ ...
+ }: ...
+
+ So if you call this Nix expression (e.g., when you do `nix-env -i
+ pkgname`), the function will be called automatically using the value
+ [`builtins.currentSystem`](#builtin-currentSystem) for the `system`
+ argument. You can override this using `--arg`, e.g., `nix-env -i
+ pkgname --arg system
+ \"i686-freebsd\"`. (Note that since the argument is a Nix string
+ literal, you have to escape the quotes.)
+
+ - `--argstr` name value
+ This option is like `--arg`, only the value is not a Nix expression
+ but a string. So instead of `--arg system \"i686-linux\"` (the outer
+ quotes are to keep the shell happy) you can say `--argstr system
+ i686-linux`.
+
+ - `--attr` / `-A` attrPath
+ Select an attribute from the top-level Nix expression being
+ evaluated. (`nix-env`, `nix-instantiate`, `nix-build` and
+ `nix-shell` only.) The *attribute path* attrPath is a sequence of
+ attribute names separated by dots. For instance, given a top-level
+ Nix expression e, the attribute path `xorg.xorgserver` would cause
+ the expression `e.xorg.xorgserver` to be used. See [`nix-env
+ --install`](#refsec-nix-env-install-examples) for some concrete
+ examples.
+
+ In addition to attribute names, you can also specify array indices.
+ For instance, the attribute path `foo.3.bar` selects the `bar`
+ attribute of the fourth element of the array in the `foo` attribute
+ of the top-level expression.
+
+ - `--expr` / `-E`
+ Interpret the command line arguments as a list of Nix expressions to
+ be parsed and evaluated, rather than as a list of file names of Nix
+ expressions. (`nix-instantiate`, `nix-build` and `nix-shell` only.)
+
+ For `nix-shell`, this option is commonly used to give you a shell in
+ which you can build the packages returned by the expression. If you
+ want to get a shell which contain the *built* packages ready for
+ use, give your expression to the `nix-shell -p` convenience flag
+ instead.
+
+ - `-I` path
+ Add a path to the Nix expression search path. This option may be
+ given multiple times. See the NIX\_PATH\</literal\> environment
+ variable for information on the semantics of the Nix search path.
+ Paths added through `-I` take precedence over `NIX_PATH`.
+
+ - `--option` name value
+ Set the Nix configuration option name to value. This overrides
+ settings in the Nix configuration file (see nix.conf5).
+
+ - `--repair`
+ Fix corrupted or missing store paths by redownloading or rebuilding
+ them. Note that this is slow because it requires computing a
+ cryptographic hash of the contents of every path in the closure of
+ the build. Also note the warning under `nix-store --repair-path`.