doc/manual: define {local,remote} store, binary cache, substituter

Nix veterans intuitively know what the following terms mean.  They are
used in several places in the nix documentation, but never defined:

- local store
- remote store
- binary cache
- substituter

In particular, I found the last two terms to be confusingly similar.
Let's give definitions for them.

2 files changed, 28 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/doc/manual/src/SUMMARY.md.in b/doc/manual/src/SUMMARY.md.in
index a47d39f31..f8da2247b 100644
--- a/doc/manual/src/SUMMARY.md.in
+++ b/doc/manual/src/SUMMARY.md.in
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
     - [Garbage Collector Roots](package-management/garbage-collector-roots.md)
   - [Channels](package-management/channels.md)
   - [Sharing Packages Between Machines](package-management/sharing-packages.md)
+    - [Terminology](package-management/terminology.md)
     - [Serving a Nix store via HTTP](package-management/binary-cache-substituter.md)
     - [Copying Closures via SSH](package-management/copy-closure.md)
     - [Serving a Nix store via SSH](package-management/ssh-substituter.md)
diff --git a/doc/manual/src/package-management/terminology.md b/doc/manual/src/package-management/terminology.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..28e2a1f0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/manual/src/package-management/terminology.md
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Terminology
+
+A *local store* exists on the local filesystem of the machine where
+Nix is invoked.  The `/nix/store` directory is one example of a
+local store.  You can use other local stores by passing the
+`--store` flag to `nix`.
+
+A *remote store* is a store which exists anywhere other than the
+local filesystem.  One example is the `/nix/store` directory on
+another machine, accessed via `ssh` or served by the `nix-serve`
+Perl script.
+
+A *binary cache* is a remote store which is not the local store of
+any machine.  Examples of binary caches include S3 buckets and the
+[NixOS binary cache](https://cache.nixos.org).  Binary caches use a
+disk layout that is different from local stores; in particular, they
+keep metadata and signatures in `.narinfo` files rather than in
+`/nix/var/nix/db`.
+
+A *substituter* is a store other than `/nix/store` from which nix will
+copy the realisation of a derivation instead of building it.  Nix will
+not copy a realisation from a remote store unless one of the following
+is true:
+
+- the realisation is signed by one of the `trusted-public-key`s
+- the substituter is in the `trusted-substituters` list
+- the `no-require-sigs` option has been set to disable signature checking