Parse string context elements properly

Prior to this change, we had a bunch of ad-hoc string manipulation code
scattered around. This made it hard to figure out what data model for
string contexts is.

Now, we still store string contexts most of the time as encoded strings
--- I was wary of the performance implications of changing that --- but
whenever we parse them we do so only through the
`NixStringContextElem::parse` method, which handles all cases. This
creates a data type that is very similar to `DerivedPath` but:

 - Represents the funky `=<drvpath>` case as properly distinct from the
   others.

 - Only encodes a single output, no wildcards and no set, for the
   "built" case.

(I would like to deprecate `=<path>`, after which we are in spitting
distance of `DerivedPath` and could maybe get away with fewer types, but
that is another topic for another day.)

1 files changed, 67 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/libexpr/value/context.cc b/src/libexpr/value/context.cc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..61d9c53df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libexpr/value/context.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#include "value/context.hh"
+#include "store-api.hh"
+
+#include <optional>
+
+namespace nix {
+
+NixStringContextElem NixStringContextElem::parse(const Store & store, std::string_view s0)
+{
+    std::string_view s = s0;
+
+    if (s.size() == 0) {
+        throw BadNixStringContextElem(s0,
+            "String context element should never be an empty string");
+    }
+    switch (s.at(0)) {
+    case '!': {
+        s = s.substr(1); // advance string to parse after first !
+        size_t index = s.find("!");
+        // This makes index + 1 safe. Index can be the length (one after index
+        // of last character), so given any valid character index --- a
+        // successful find --- we can add one.
+        if (index == std::string_view::npos) {
+            throw BadNixStringContextElem(s0,
+                "String content element beginning with '!' should have a second '!'");
+        }
+        return NixStringContextElem::Built {
+            .drvPath = store.parseStorePath(s.substr(index + 1)),
+            .output = std::string(s.substr(0, index)),
+        };
+    }
+    case '=': {
+        return NixStringContextElem::DrvDeep {
+            .drvPath = store.parseStorePath(s.substr(1)),
+        };
+    }
+    default: {
+        return NixStringContextElem::Opaque {
+            .path = store.parseStorePath(s),
+        };
+    }
+    }
+}
+
+std::string NixStringContextElem::to_string(const Store & store) const {
+    return std::visit(overloaded {
+        [&](const NixStringContextElem::Built & b) {
+            std::string res;
+            res += '!';
+            res += b.output;
+            res += '!';
+            res += store.printStorePath(b.drvPath);
+            return res;
+        },
+        [&](const NixStringContextElem::DrvDeep & d) {
+            std::string res;
+            res += '=';
+            res += store.printStorePath(d.drvPath);
+            return res;
+        },
+        [&](const NixStringContextElem::Opaque & o) {
+            return store.printStorePath(o.path);
+        },
+    }, raw());
+}
+
+}