avoid copies of parser input data

when given a string yacc will copy the entire input to a newly allocated
location so that it can add a second terminating NUL byte. since the
parser is a very internal thing to EvalState we can ensure that having
two terminating NUL bytes is always possible without copying, and have
the parser itself merely check that the expected NULs are present.

 # before

Benchmark 1: nix search --offline nixpkgs hello
  Time (mean ± σ):     572.4 ms ±   2.3 ms    [User: 563.4 ms, System: 8.6 ms]
  Range (min … max):   566.9 ms … 579.1 ms    50 runs

Benchmark 2: nix eval -f ../nixpkgs/pkgs/development/haskell-modules/hackage-packages.nix
  Time (mean ± σ):     381.7 ms ±   1.0 ms    [User: 348.3 ms, System: 33.1 ms]
  Range (min … max):   380.2 ms … 387.7 ms    50 runs

Benchmark 3: nix eval --raw --impure --expr 'with import <nixpkgs/nixos> {}; system'
  Time (mean ± σ):      2.936 s ±  0.005 s    [User: 2.715 s, System: 0.221 s]
  Range (min … max):    2.923 s …  2.946 s    50 runs

 # after

Benchmark 1: nix search --offline nixpkgs hello
  Time (mean ± σ):     571.7 ms ±   2.4 ms    [User: 563.3 ms, System: 8.0 ms]
  Range (min … max):   566.7 ms … 579.7 ms    50 runs

Benchmark 2: nix eval -f ../nixpkgs/pkgs/development/haskell-modules/hackage-packages.nix
  Time (mean ± σ):     376.6 ms ±   1.0 ms    [User: 345.8 ms, System: 30.5 ms]
  Range (min … max):   374.5 ms … 379.1 ms    50 runs

Benchmark 3: nix eval --raw --impure --expr 'with import <nixpkgs/nixos> {}; system'
  Time (mean ± σ):      2.922 s ±  0.006 s    [User: 2.707 s, System: 0.215 s]
  Range (min … max):    2.906 s …  2.934 s    50 runs

1 files changed, 3 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/src/libutil/util.cc b/src/libutil/util.cc
index 43fea1b1e..f15a617b0 100644
--- a/src/libutil/util.cc
+++ b/src/libutil/util.cc
@@ -669,7 +669,9 @@ void writeFull(int fd, std::string_view s, bool allowInterrupts)
 
 string drainFD(int fd, bool block, const size_t reserveSize)
 {
-    StringSink sink(reserveSize);
+    // the parser needs two extra bytes to append terminating characters, other users will
+    // not care very much about the extra memory.
+    StringSink sink(reserveSize + 2);
     drainFD(fd, sink, block);
     return std::move(*sink.s);
 }