1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
|
<chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
version="5.0"
xml:id="ch-installing-binary">
<title>Installing a Binary Distribution</title>
<para>If you are using Linux or macOS, the easiest way to install Nix
is to run the following command:
<screen>
$ sh <(curl https://nixos.org/nix/install)
</screen>
As of Nix 2.1.0, the Nix installer will always default to creating a
single-user installation, however opting in to the multi-user
installation is highly recommended.
</para>
<section xml:id="sect-single-user-installation">
<title>Single User Installation</title>
<para>
To explicitly select a single-user installation on your system:
<screen>
sh <(curl https://nixos.org/nix/install) --no-daemon
</screen>
</para>
<para>
This will perform a single-user installation of Nix, meaning that
<filename>/nix</filename> is owned by the invoking user. You should
run this under your usual user account, <emphasis>not</emphasis> as
root. The script will invoke <command>sudo</command> to create
<filename>/nix</filename> if it doesn’t already exist. If you don’t
have <command>sudo</command>, you should manually create
<command>/nix</command> first as root, e.g.:
<screen>
$ mkdir /nix
$ chown alice /nix
</screen>
The install script will modify the first writable file from amongst
<filename>.bash_profile</filename>, <filename>.bash_login</filename>
and <filename>.profile</filename> to source
<filename>~/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh</filename>. You can set
the <command>NIX_INSTALLER_NO_MODIFY_PROFILE</command> environment
variable before executing the install script to disable this
behaviour.
</para>
<para>You can uninstall Nix simply by running:
<screen>
$ rm -rf /nix
</screen>
</para>
</section>
<section xml:id="sect-multi-user-installation">
<title>Multi User Installation</title>
<para>
The multi-user Nix installation creates system users, and a system
service for the Nix daemon.
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<title>Supported Systems</title>
<listitem>
<para>Linux running systemd, with SELinux disabled</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>macOS</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
You can instruct the installer to perform a multi-user
installation on your system:
<screen>
sh <(curl https://nixos.org/nix/install) --daemon
</screen>
</para>
<para>
The multi-user installation of Nix will create build users between
the user IDs 30001 and 30032, and a group with the group ID 30000.
You should run this under your usual user account,
<emphasis>not</emphasis> as root. The script will invoke
<command>sudo</command> as needed.
</para>
<note><para>
If you need Nix to use a different group ID or user ID set, you
will have to download the tarball manually and <link
linkend="sect-nix-install-binary-tarball">edit the install
script</link>.
</para></note>
<para>
The installer will modify <filename>/etc/bashrc</filename>, and
<filename>/etc/zshrc</filename> if they exist. The installer will
first back up these files with a
<literal>.backup-before-nix</literal> extension. The installer
will also create <filename>/etc/profile.d/nix.sh</filename>.
</para>
<para>You can uninstall Nix with the following commands:
<screen>
sudo rm -rf /etc/profile/nix.sh /etc/nix /nix ~root/.nix-profile ~root/.nix-defexpr ~root/.nix-channels ~/.nix-profile ~/.nix-defexpr ~/.nix-channels
# If you are on Linux with systemd, you will need to run:
sudo systemctl stop nix-daemon.socket
sudo systemctl stop nix-daemon.service
sudo systemctl disable nix-daemon.socket
sudo systemctl disable nix-daemon.service
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
# If you are on macOS, you will need to run:
sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.nixos.nix-daemon.plist
sudo rm /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.nixos.nix-daemon.plist
</screen>
There may also be references to Nix in
<filename>/etc/profile</filename>,
<filename>/etc/bashrc</filename>, and
<filename>/etc/zshrc</filename> which you may remove.
</para>
</section>
<section xml:id="sect-nix-install-pinned-version-url">
<title>Installing a pinned Nix version from a URL</title>
<para>
NixOS.org hosts version-specific installation URLs for all Nix
versions since 1.11.16, at
<literal>https://releases.nixos.org/nix/nix-<replaceable>version</replaceable>/install</literal>.
</para>
<para>
These install scripts can be used the same as the main
NixOS.org installation script:
<screen>
sh <(curl https://nixos.org/nix/install)
</screen>
</para>
<para>
In the same directory of the install script are sha256 sums, and
gpg signature files.
</para>
</section>
<section xml:id="sect-nix-install-binary-tarball">
<title>Installing from a binary tarball</title>
<para>
You can also download a binary tarball that contains Nix and all
its dependencies. (This is what the install script at
<uri>https://nixos.org/nix/install</uri> does automatically.) You
should unpack it somewhere (e.g. in <filename>/tmp</filename>),
and then run the script named <command>install</command> inside
the binary tarball:
<screen>
alice$ cd /tmp
alice$ tar xfj nix-1.8-x86_64-darwin.tar.bz2
alice$ cd nix-1.8-x86_64-darwin
alice$ ./install
</screen>
</para>
<para>
If you need to edit the multi-user installation script to use
different group ID or a different user ID range, modify the
variables set in the file named
<filename>install-multi-user</filename>.
</para>
</section>
</chapter>
|
