feat(skeleton): add memory pools

added stock memory pools behind a feature gate
refactored buffers to use them and to have better APIs.
moved some util code out of builders::pipeline
updated stockton-render for the changes
deactivation is a WIP
breaks UI drawing, fix WIP

22 files changed, 1412 insertions, 823 deletions

diff --git a/stockton-render/src/level.rs b/stockton-render/src/level.rs
index 0352ff7..ceb361b 100644
--- a/stockton-render/src/level.rs
+++ b/stockton-render/src/level.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ use stockton_levels::{
 };
 use stockton_skeleton::{
     buffers::{
-        DedicatedLoadedImage, DrawBuffers, ModifiableBuffer, INITIAL_INDEX_SIZE, INITIAL_VERT_SIZE,
+        draw::{DrawBuffers, INITIAL_INDEX_SIZE, INITIAL_VERT_SIZE},
+        image::{BoundImageView, ImageSpec, DEPTH_RESOURCES},
     },
     builders::{
         CompletePipeline, PipelineSpecBuilder, RenderpassSpec, ShaderDesc, VertexBufferSpec,
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ use stockton_skeleton::{
     context::RenderingContext,
     draw_passes::{util::TargetSpecificResources, DrawPass, IntoDrawPass, PassPosition},
     error::{EnvironmentError, LevelError, LockPoisoned},
+    mem::{DataPool, DepthBufferPool, StagingPool, TexturesPool},
     queue_negotiator::QueueNegotiator,
     texture::{resolver::TextureResolver, TexLoadQueue, TextureLoadConfig, TextureRepo},
     types::*,
@@ -36,10 +38,8 @@ use anyhow::{Context, Result};
 use hal::{
     buffer::SubRange,
     command::{ClearColor, ClearDepthStencil, ClearValue, RenderAttachmentInfo, SubpassContents},
-    format::{Aspects, Format},
-    image::{
-        Filter, FramebufferAttachment, Layout, SubresourceRange, Usage, ViewCapabilities, WrapMode,
-    },
+    format::Format,
+    image::{Filter, FramebufferAttachment, Layout, Usage, ViewCapabilities, WrapMode},
     pass::{Attachment, AttachmentLoadOp, AttachmentOps, AttachmentStoreOp},
     pso::{
         BlendDesc, BlendOp, BlendState, ColorBlendDesc, ColorMask, Comparison, DepthStencilDesc,
@@ -57,12 +57,12 @@ struct UvPoint(pub Vector3, pub i32, pub Vector2);
 /// Draw a level
 pub struct LevelDrawPass<'a, M> {
     pipeline: CompletePipeline,
-    repo: TextureRepo,
+    repo: TextureRepo<TexturesPool, StagingPool>,
     active_camera: Entity,
-    draw_buffers: DrawBuffers<'a, UvPoint>,
+    draw_buffers: DrawBuffers<'a, UvPoint, DataPool, StagingPool>,
 
     framebuffers: TargetSpecificResources<FramebufferT>,
-    depth_buffers: TargetSpecificResources<DedicatedLoadedImage>,
+    depth_buffers: TargetSpecificResources<BoundImageView<DepthBufferPool>>,
 
     _d: PhantomData<M>,
 }
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ where
                         },
                     },
                     RenderAttachmentInfo {
-                        image_view: &*db.image_view,
+                        image_view: &*db.img_view(),
                         clear_value: ClearValue {
                             depth_stencil: ClearDepthStencil {
                                 depth: 1.0,
@@ -175,11 +175,9 @@ where
             loop {
                 if current_chunk != face.texture_idx(&map) as usize / 8 {
                     // Last index was last of group, so draw it all if textures are loaded.
-                    draw_or_queue(
+                    self.draw_or_queue(
                         current_chunk,
-                        &mut self.repo,
                         cmd_buffer,
-                        &*self.pipeline.pipeline_layout,
                         chunk_start as u32,
                         curr_idx_idx as u32,
                     )?;
@@ -221,11 +219,9 @@ where
             }
 
             // Draw the final group of chunks
-            draw_or_queue(
+            self.draw_or_queue(
                 current_chunk,
-                &mut self.repo,
                 cmd_buffer,
-                &*self.pipeline.pipeline_layout,
                 chunk_start as u32,
                 curr_idx_idx as u32,
             )?;
@@ -239,18 +235,18 @@ where
     }
 
     fn deactivate(self, context: &mut RenderingContext) -> Result<()> {
+        self.draw_buffers.deactivate(context);
         unsafe {
             let mut device = context.device().write().map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)?;
             self.pipeline.deactivate(&mut device);
-            self.draw_buffers.deactivate(&mut device);
             for fb in self.framebuffers.dissolve() {
                 device.destroy_framebuffer(fb);
             }
-            for db in self.depth_buffers.dissolve() {
-                db.deactivate(&mut device);
-            }
         }
-        self.repo.deactivate(context.device());
+        for db in self.depth_buffers.dissolve() {
+            db.deactivate_with_context(context);
+        }
+        self.repo.deactivate(context);
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -263,6 +259,31 @@ where
         todo!()
     }
 }
+impl<'a, M> LevelDrawPass<'a, M> {
+    fn draw_or_queue(
+        &mut self,
+        current_chunk: usize,
+        cmd_buffer: &mut CommandBufferT,
+        chunk_start: u32,
+        curr_idx_idx: u32,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        if let Some(ds) = self.repo.attempt_get_descriptor_set(current_chunk) {
+            unsafe {
+                cmd_buffer.bind_graphics_descriptor_sets(
+                    &*self.pipeline.pipeline_layout,
+                    0,
+                    once(ds),
+                    empty(),
+                );
+                cmd_buffer.draw_indexed(chunk_start * 3..(curr_idx_idx * 3) + 1, 0, 0..1);
+            }
+        } else {
+            self.repo.queue_load(current_chunk)?
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
 
 pub struct LevelDrawPassConfig<R> {
     pub active_camera: Entity,
@@ -357,31 +378,20 @@ where
             .build()
             .context("Error building pipeline")?;
 
-        let repo = TextureRepo::new(
-            context.device().clone(),
-            context
-                .queue_negotiator_mut()
-                .family::<TexLoadQueue>()
-                .ok_or(EnvironmentError::NoSuitableFamilies)
-                .context("Error finding texture queue")?,
-            context
-                .queue_negotiator_mut()
-                .get_queue::<TexLoadQueue>()
-                .ok_or(EnvironmentError::NoQueues)
-                .context("Error finding texture queue")?,
-            context.adapter(),
+        let repo = TextureRepo::new::<_, TexLoadQueue>(
+            context,
             TextureLoadConfig {
                 resolver: self.tex_resolver,
                 filter: Filter::Linear,
                 wrap_mode: WrapMode::Tile,
             },
         )
-        .context("Error creating texture repo")?;
+        .context("Error createing texture repo")?;
 
-        let (draw_buffers, pipeline, framebuffers, depth_buffers) = {
+        let draw_buffers =
+            DrawBuffers::from_context(context).context("Error creating draw buffers")?;
+        let (pipeline, framebuffers) = {
             let mut device = context.device().write().map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)?;
-            let draw_buffers = DrawBuffers::new(&mut device, context.adapter())
-                .context("Error creating draw buffers")?;
             let pipeline = spec
                 .build(
                     &mut device,
@@ -407,30 +417,24 @@ where
                 },
                 context.target_chain().properties().image_count as usize,
             )?;
-            let depth_buffers = TargetSpecificResources::new(
-                || {
-                    DedicatedLoadedImage::new(
-                        &mut device,
-                        context.adapter(),
-                        context.target_chain().properties().depth_format,
-                        Usage::DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT,
-                        SubresourceRange {
-                            aspects: Aspects::DEPTH,
-                            level_start: 0,
-                            level_count: Some(1),
-                            layer_start: 0,
-                            layer_count: Some(1),
-                        },
-                        context.target_chain().properties().extent.width as usize,
-                        context.target_chain().properties().extent.height as usize,
-                    )
-                    .context("Error creating depth buffer")
-                },
-                context.target_chain().properties().image_count as usize,
-            )?;
 
-            (draw_buffers, pipeline, framebuffers, depth_buffers)
+            (pipeline, framebuffers)
         };
+        let db_spec = ImageSpec {
+            width: context.target_chain().properties().extent.width,
+            height: context.target_chain().properties().extent.height,
+            format: context.target_chain().properties().depth_format,
+            usage: Usage::DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT,
+            resources: DEPTH_RESOURCES,
+        };
+        let img_count = context.target_chain().properties().image_count;
+        let depth_buffers = TargetSpecificResources::new(
+            || {
+                BoundImageView::from_context(context, &db_spec)
+                    .context("Error creating depth buffer")
+            },
+            img_count as usize,
+        )?;
 
         Ok(LevelDrawPass {
             pipeline,
@@ -454,23 +458,3 @@ where
             .ok_or(EnvironmentError::NoSuitableFamilies)?])
     }
 }
-
-fn draw_or_queue(
-    current_chunk: usize,
-    tex_repo: &mut TextureRepo,
-    cmd_buffer: &mut CommandBufferT,
-    pipeline_layout: &PipelineLayoutT,
-    chunk_start: u32,
-    curr_idx_idx: u32,
-) -> Result<()> {
-    if let Some(ds) = tex_repo.attempt_get_descriptor_set(current_chunk) {
-        unsafe {
-            cmd_buffer.bind_graphics_descriptor_sets(pipeline_layout, 0, once(ds), empty());
-            cmd_buffer.draw_indexed(chunk_start * 3..(curr_idx_idx * 3) + 1, 0, 0..1);
-        }
-    } else {
-        tex_repo.queue_load(current_chunk)?
-    }
-
-    Ok(())
-}
diff --git a/stockton-render/src/ui.rs b/stockton-render/src/ui.rs
index 77ff805..2c8818c 100644
--- a/stockton-render/src/ui.rs
+++ b/stockton-render/src/ui.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 use crate::window::UiState;
 
 use stockton_skeleton::{
-    buffers::{DrawBuffers, ModifiableBuffer},
+    buffers::draw::DrawBuffers,
     builders::{
         CompletePipeline, PipelineSpecBuilder, RenderpassSpec, ShaderDesc, VertexBufferSpec,
         VertexPrimitiveAssemblerSpec,
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ use stockton_skeleton::{
     context::RenderingContext,
     draw_passes::{util::TargetSpecificResources, DrawPass, IntoDrawPass, PassPosition},
     error::{EnvironmentError, LockPoisoned},
+    mem::{DataPool, StagingPool, TexturesPool},
     queue_negotiator::QueueNegotiator,
     texture::{
         resolver::TextureResolver, LoadableImage, TexLoadQueue, TextureLoadConfig, TextureRepo,
@@ -47,8 +48,8 @@ pub struct UiPoint(pub Vector2, pub Vector2, pub [f32; 4]);
 /// Draw a Ui object
 pub struct UiDrawPass<'a> {
     pipeline: CompletePipeline,
-    repo: TextureRepo,
-    draw_buffers: DrawBuffers<'a, UiPoint>,
+    repo: TextureRepo<TexturesPool, StagingPool>,
+    draw_buffers: DrawBuffers<'a, UiPoint, DataPool, StagingPool>,
 
     framebuffers: TargetSpecificResources<FramebufferT>,
 }
@@ -185,15 +186,16 @@ impl<'a, P: PassPosition> DrawPass<P> for UiDrawPass<'a> {
     }
 
     fn deactivate(self, context: &mut RenderingContext) -> Result<()> {
+        self.draw_buffers.deactivate(context);
+
         unsafe {
             let mut device = context.device().write().map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)?;
             self.pipeline.deactivate(&mut device);
-            self.draw_buffers.deactivate(&mut device);
             for fb in self.framebuffers.dissolve() {
                 device.destroy_framebuffer(fb);
             }
         }
-        self.repo.deactivate(context.device());
+        self.repo.deactivate(context);
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -276,19 +278,8 @@ impl<'a, P: PassPosition> IntoDrawPass<UiDrawPass<'a>, P> for () {
             .context("Error building pipeline")?;
 
         let ui: &mut UiState = &mut session.resources.get_mut::<UiState>().unwrap();
-        let repo = TextureRepo::new(
-            context.device().clone(),
-            context
-                .queue_negotiator_mut()
-                .family::<TexLoadQueue>()
-                .ok_or(EnvironmentError::NoSuitableFamilies)
-                .context("Error finding texture queue")?,
-            context
-                .queue_negotiator_mut()
-                .get_queue::<TexLoadQueue>()
-                .ok_or(EnvironmentError::NoQueues)
-                .context("Error finding texture queue")?,
-            context.adapter(),
+        let repo = TextureRepo::new::<_, TexLoadQueue>(
+            context,
             TextureLoadConfig {
                 resolver: UiTextures::new(ui.ctx().clone()),
                 filter: hal::image::Filter::Linear,
@@ -297,10 +288,12 @@ impl<'a, P: PassPosition> IntoDrawPass<UiDrawPass<'a>, P> for () {
         )
         .context("Error creating texture repo")?;
 
-        let (draw_buffers, pipeline, framebuffers) = {
+        let draw_buffers =
+            DrawBuffers::from_context(context).context("Error creating draw buffers")?;
+
+        let (pipeline, framebuffers) = {
             let mut device = context.device().write().map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)?;
-            let draw_buffers = DrawBuffers::new(&mut device, context.adapter())
-                .context("Error creating draw buffers")?;
+
             let pipeline = spec
                 .build(
                     &mut device,
@@ -321,7 +314,7 @@ impl<'a, P: PassPosition> IntoDrawPass<UiDrawPass<'a>, P> for () {
                 },
                 context.target_chain().properties().image_count as usize,
             )?;
-            (draw_buffers, pipeline, framebuffers)
+            (pipeline, framebuffers)
         };
 
         Ok(UiDrawPass {
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/Cargo.toml b/stockton-skeleton/Cargo.toml
index 8e3df4b..d7f4a99 100644
--- a/stockton-skeleton/Cargo.toml
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/Cargo.toml
@@ -16,16 +16,20 @@ shaderc = "^0.7"
 log = "0.4.0"
 image = "0.23.11"
 legion = { version = "^0.3" }
-rendy-memory = { path = "../rendy-memory" }
 rendy-descriptor = { path = "../rendy-descriptor" }
 anyhow = "1.0.40"
 thiserror = "1.0.25"
 derive_builder = "0.10.2"
 
 [features]
-default = ["vulkan"]
+default = ["vulkan", "rendy-pools"]
 vulkan = ["gfx-backend-vulkan"]
+rendy-pools = ["rendy-memory"]
 
 [dependencies.gfx-backend-vulkan]
 version = "^0.8.0"
 optional = true
+
+[dependencies.rendy-memory]
+path = "../rendy-memory"
+optional = true
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/dedicated_image.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/dedicated_image.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index bf49a38..0000000
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/dedicated_image.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,134 +0,0 @@
-//! A dedicated image. Used for depth buffers.
-
-use crate::texture::PIXEL_SIZE;
-use crate::types::*;
-
-use std::mem::ManuallyDrop;
-
-use anyhow::{Context, Result};
-use hal::{
-    format::{Format, Swizzle},
-    image::{SubresourceRange, Usage, Usage as ImgUsage, ViewKind},
-    memory,
-    memory::Properties,
-    MemoryTypeId,
-};
-use thiserror::Error;
-
-/// Holds an image that's loaded into GPU memory dedicated only to that image, bypassing the memory allocator.
-pub struct DedicatedLoadedImage {
-    /// The GPU Image handle
-    image: ManuallyDrop<ImageT>,
-
-    /// The full view of the image
-    pub image_view: ManuallyDrop<ImageViewT>,
-
-    /// The memory backing the image
-    memory: ManuallyDrop<MemoryT>,
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Error)]
-pub enum ImageLoadError {
-    #[error("No suitable memory type for image memory")]
-    NoMemoryTypes,
-}
-
-impl DedicatedLoadedImage {
-    pub fn new(
-        device: &mut DeviceT,
-        adapter: &Adapter,
-        format: Format,
-        usage: Usage,
-        resources: SubresourceRange,
-        width: usize,
-        height: usize,
-    ) -> Result<DedicatedLoadedImage> {
-        let (memory, image_ref) = {
-            // Round up the size to align properly
-            let initial_row_size = PIXEL_SIZE * width;
-            let limits = adapter.physical_device.properties().limits;
-            let row_alignment_mask = limits.optimal_buffer_copy_pitch_alignment as u32 - 1;
-
-            let row_size =
-                ((initial_row_size as u32 + row_alignment_mask) & !row_alignment_mask) as usize;
-            debug_assert!(row_size as usize >= initial_row_size);
-
-            // Make the image
-            let mut image_ref = unsafe {
-                use hal::image::{Kind, Tiling, ViewCapabilities};
-
-                device.create_image(
-                    Kind::D2(width as u32, height as u32, 1, 1),
-                    1,
-                    format,
-                    Tiling::Optimal,
-                    usage,
-                    memory::SparseFlags::empty(),
-                    ViewCapabilities::empty(),
-                )
-            }
-            .context("Error creating image")?;
-
-            // Allocate memory
-            let memory = unsafe {
-                let requirements = device.get_image_requirements(&image_ref);
-
-                let memory_type_id = adapter
-                    .physical_device
-                    .memory_properties()
-                    .memory_types
-                    .iter()
-                    .enumerate()
-                    .find(|&(id, memory_type)| {
-                        requirements.type_mask & (1 << id) != 0
-                            && memory_type.properties.contains(Properties::DEVICE_LOCAL)
-                    })
-                    .map(|(id, _)| MemoryTypeId(id))
-                    .ok_or(ImageLoadError::NoMemoryTypes)?;
-
-                let memory = device
-                    .allocate_memory(memory_type_id, requirements.size)
-                    .context("Error allocating memory for image")?;
-
-                device
-                    .bind_image_memory(&memory, 0, &mut image_ref)
-                    .context("Error binding memory to image")?;
-
-                memory
-            };
-
-            (memory, image_ref)
-        };
-
-        // Create ImageView and sampler
-        let image_view = unsafe {
-            device.create_image_view(
-                &image_ref,
-                ViewKind::D2,
-                format,
-                Swizzle::NO,
-                ImgUsage::DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT,
-                resources,
-            )
-        }
-        .context("Error creating image view")?;
-
-        Ok(DedicatedLoadedImage {
-            image: ManuallyDrop::new(image_ref),
-            image_view: ManuallyDrop::new(image_view),
-            memory: ManuallyDrop::new(memory),
-        })
-    }
-
-    /// Properly frees/destroys all the objects in this struct
-    /// Dropping without doing this is a bad idea
-    pub fn deactivate(self, device: &mut DeviceT) {
-        unsafe {
-            use core::ptr::read;
-
-            device.destroy_image_view(ManuallyDrop::into_inner(read(&self.image_view)));
-            device.destroy_image(ManuallyDrop::into_inner(read(&self.image)));
-            device.free_memory(ManuallyDrop::into_inner(read(&self.memory)));
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/draw.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/draw.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd571e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/draw.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+//! A vertex and index buffer set for drawing
+
+use super::staged::StagedBuffer;
+use crate::{
+    context::RenderingContext,
+    mem::{MappableBlock, MemoryPool},
+};
+
+use anyhow::{Context, Result};
+use hal::buffer::Usage;
+use std::mem::ManuallyDrop;
+
+/// Initial size of vertex buffer. TODO: Way of overriding this
+pub const INITIAL_VERT_SIZE: u64 = 3 * 3000;
+
+/// Initial size of index buffer. TODO: Way of overriding this
+pub const INITIAL_INDEX_SIZE: u64 = 3000;
+
+/// A vertex and index buffer set for drawing
+pub struct DrawBuffers<'a, T: Sized, P: MemoryPool, SP: MemoryPool> {
+    pub vertex_buffer: ManuallyDrop<StagedBuffer<'a, T, P, SP>>,
+    pub index_buffer: ManuallyDrop<StagedBuffer<'a, (u16, u16, u16), P, SP>>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, T, P, SP> DrawBuffers<'a, T, P, SP>
+where
+    P: MemoryPool,
+    SP: MemoryPool,
+    SP::Block: MappableBlock,
+{
+    /// Create a new set of drawbuffers given a render context.
+    /// This will allocate memory from `P` and `SP`, and currently has a fixed size (WIP).
+    pub fn from_context(context: &mut RenderingContext) -> Result<Self> {
+        let vert = StagedBuffer::from_context(context, Usage::VERTEX, INITIAL_VERT_SIZE)
+            .context("Error creating vertex buffer")?;
+        let index = StagedBuffer::from_context(context, Usage::INDEX, INITIAL_INDEX_SIZE)
+            .context("Error creating index buffer")?;
+
+        Ok(DrawBuffers {
+            vertex_buffer: ManuallyDrop::new(vert),
+            index_buffer: ManuallyDrop::new(index),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Destroy all Vulkan objects. Should be called before dropping.
+    pub fn deactivate(self, context: &mut RenderingContext) {
+        unsafe {
+            use core::ptr::read;
+
+            ManuallyDrop::into_inner(read(&self.vertex_buffer)).deactivate(context);
+            ManuallyDrop::into_inner(read(&self.index_buffer)).deactivate(context);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/draw_buffers.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/draw_buffers.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 5baec92..0000000
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/draw_buffers.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-//! A vertex and index buffer set for drawing
-
-use super::StagedBuffer;
-use crate::types::*;
-
-use anyhow::{Context, Result};
-use hal::buffer::Usage;
-use std::mem::ManuallyDrop;
-
-/// Initial size of vertex buffer. TODO: Way of overriding this
-pub const INITIAL_VERT_SIZE: u64 = 3 * 3000;
-
-/// Initial size of index buffer. TODO: Way of overriding this
-pub const INITIAL_INDEX_SIZE: u64 = 3000;
-
-/// The buffers used for drawing, ie index and vertex buffer
-pub struct DrawBuffers<'a, T: Sized> {
-    pub vertex_buffer: ManuallyDrop<StagedBuffer<'a, T>>,
-    pub index_buffer: ManuallyDrop<StagedBuffer<'a, (u16, u16, u16)>>,
-}
-
-impl<'a, T> DrawBuffers<'a, T> {
-    pub fn new(device: &mut DeviceT, adapter: &Adapter) -> Result<DrawBuffers<'a, T>> {
-        let vert = StagedBuffer::new(device, adapter, Usage::VERTEX, INITIAL_VERT_SIZE)
-            .context("Error creating vertex buffer")?;
-        let index = StagedBuffer::new(device, adapter, Usage::INDEX, INITIAL_INDEX_SIZE)
-            .context("Error creating index buffer")?;
-
-        Ok(DrawBuffers {
-            vertex_buffer: ManuallyDrop::new(vert),
-            index_buffer: ManuallyDrop::new(index),
-        })
-    }
-
-    pub fn deactivate(self, device: &mut DeviceT) {
-        unsafe {
-            use core::ptr::read;
-
-            ManuallyDrop::into_inner(read(&self.vertex_buffer)).deactivate(device);
-            ManuallyDrop::into_inner(read(&self.index_buffer)).deactivate(device);
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/image.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/image.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34a0a37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/image.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
+//! An image with memory bound to it and an image view into its entirety.
+//! This is useful for most types of images.
+//! ```rust
+//! # use anyhow::Result;
+//! # use crate::{mem::DrawAttachments, context::RenderingContext};
+//! fn create_depth_buffer(
+//!     context: &mut RenderingContext,
+//! ) -> Result<BoundImageView<DrawAttachments>> {
+//!     BoundImageView::from_context(
+//!         context,
+//!         &ImageSpec {
+//!             width: 10,
+//!             height: 10,
+//!             format: Format::D32Sfloat,
+//!             usage: Usage::DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT,
+//!         },
+//!     )
+//! }
+/// ```
+use std::mem::ManuallyDrop;
+
+use crate::{
+    context::RenderingContext,
+    error::LockPoisoned,
+    mem::{Block, MemoryPool},
+    types::*,
+    utils::get_pixel_size,
+};
+use anyhow::{Context, Result};
+use hal::{
+    format::{Aspects, Format, Swizzle},
+    image::{SamplerDesc, SubresourceRange, Usage, ViewKind},
+    memory::SparseFlags,
+};
+
+pub const COLOR_RESOURCES: SubresourceRange = SubresourceRange {
+    aspects: Aspects::COLOR,
+    level_start: 0,
+    level_count: Some(1),
+    layer_start: 0,
+    layer_count: Some(1),
+};
+
+pub const DEPTH_RESOURCES: SubresourceRange = SubresourceRange {
+    aspects: Aspects::DEPTH,
+    level_start: 0,
+    level_count: Some(1),
+    layer_start: 0,
+    layer_count: Some(1),
+};
+
+/// An image with memory bound to it and an image view into its entirety
+/// Memory is allocated from the memory pool P, see [`crate::mem`]
+pub struct BoundImageView<P: MemoryPool> {
+    mem: ManuallyDrop<P::Block>,
+    img: ManuallyDrop<ImageT>,
+    img_view: ManuallyDrop<ImageViewT>,
+    unpadded_row_size: u32,
+    row_size: u32,
+    height: u32,
+}
+
+impl<P: MemoryPool> BoundImageView<P> {
+    /// Create an uninitialised image using memory from the specified pool
+    pub fn from_context(context: &mut RenderingContext, spec: &ImageSpec) -> Result<Self> {
+        // Ensure the memory pool exists before we get a reference to it
+        context
+            .ensure_memory_pool::<P>()
+            .context("Error creating memory pool requested for BoundImageView")?;
+        let mut allocator = context
+            .existing_memory_pool::<P>()
+            .unwrap()
+            .write()
+            .map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::MemoryPool)?;
+
+        let mut device = context.device().write().map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)?;
+        let row_alignment_mask = context
+            .physical_device_properties()
+            .limits
+            .optimal_buffer_copy_pitch_alignment as u32
+            - 1;
+        Self::from_device_allocator(&mut device, &mut allocator, row_alignment_mask, spec)
+    }
+
+    /// Create an uninitialised image using memory from the specified pool, but using a much less convenient signature.
+    /// Use this when you don't have access to the full context.
+    pub fn from_device_allocator(
+        device: &mut DeviceT,
+        pool: &mut P,
+        row_alignment_mask: u32,
+        spec: &ImageSpec,
+    ) -> Result<Self> {
+        // Calculate buffer size & alignment
+        let initial_row_size = get_pixel_size(spec.format) * spec.width;
+        let row_size = (initial_row_size + row_alignment_mask) & !row_alignment_mask;
+        debug_assert!(row_size >= initial_row_size);
+
+        unsafe {
+            use hal::image::{Kind, Tiling, ViewCapabilities};
+
+            // Create the image
+            let mut img = device
+                .create_image(
+                    Kind::D2(spec.width, spec.height, 1, 1),
+                    1,
+                    spec.format,
+                    Tiling::Optimal,
+                    spec.usage,
+                    SparseFlags::empty(),
+                    ViewCapabilities::empty(),
+                )
+                .context("Error creating image")?;
+
+            // Get memory requirements
+            let requirements = device.get_image_requirements(&img);
+
+            // Allocate memory
+            let (mem, _) = pool
+                .alloc(&device, requirements.size, requirements.alignment)
+                .context("Error allocating memory")?;
+
+            // Bind memory
+            device
+                .bind_image_memory(mem.memory(), mem.range().start, &mut img)
+                .context("Error binding memory to image")?;
+
+            // Create image view
+            let img_view = device
+                .create_image_view(
+                    &img,
+                    ViewKind::D2,
+                    spec.format,
+                    Swizzle::NO,
+                    spec.usage,
+                    spec.resources.clone(),
+                )
+                .context("Error creating image view")?;
+
+            Ok(Self {
+                mem: ManuallyDrop::new(mem),
+                img: ManuallyDrop::new(img),
+                img_view: ManuallyDrop::new(img_view),
+                row_size,
+                height: spec.height,
+                unpadded_row_size: spec.width,
+            })
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Destroy all vulkan objects. Must be called before dropping.
+    pub fn deactivate_with_context(self, context: &mut RenderingContext) {
+        let mut device = context
+            .device()
+            .write()
+            .map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)
+            .unwrap();
+        let mut pool = context
+            .existing_memory_pool::<P>()
+            .unwrap()
+            .write()
+            .unwrap();
+
+        self.deactivate_with_device_pool(&mut device, &mut pool);
+    }
+
+    /// Destroy all vulkan objects. Must be called before dropping.
+    pub fn deactivate_with_device_pool(self, device: &mut DeviceT, pool: &mut P) {
+        use std::ptr::read;
+        unsafe {
+            device.destroy_image_view(read(&*self.img_view));
+            device.destroy_image(read(&*self.img));
+            pool.free(&device, read(&*self.mem));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Get a reference to the bound image.
+    pub fn img(&self) -> &ImageT {
+        &*self.img
+    }
+
+    /// Get a reference to the view of the bound image.
+    pub fn img_view(&self) -> &ImageViewT {
+        &*self.img_view
+    }
+
+    /// Get a reference to the memory used by the bound image.
+    pub fn mem(&self) -> &<P as MemoryPool>::Block {
+        &*self.mem
+    }
+
+    /// Get the bound image view's row size.
+    pub fn row_size(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.row_size
+    }
+
+    /// Get the bound image view's height.
+    pub fn height(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.height
+    }
+
+    /// Get the bound image view's unpadded row size.
+    pub fn unpadded_row_size(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.unpadded_row_size
+    }
+}
+
+/// A [`self::BoundImageView`] and accompanying sampler.
+pub struct SampledImage<P: MemoryPool> {
+    bound_image: ManuallyDrop<BoundImageView<P>>,
+    sampler: ManuallyDrop<SamplerT>,
+}
+
+impl<P: MemoryPool> SampledImage<P> {
+    /// Create an uninitialised image using memory from the specified pool
+    pub fn from_context(
+        context: &mut RenderingContext,
+        spec: &ImageSpec,
+        sampler_desc: &SamplerDesc,
+    ) -> Result<Self> {
+        // Ensure the memory pool exists before we get a reference to it
+        context
+            .ensure_memory_pool::<P>()
+            .context("Error creating memory pool requested for BoundImageView")?;
+        let mut allocator = context
+            .existing_memory_pool::<P>()
+            .unwrap()
+            .write()
+            .map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::MemoryPool)?;
+
+        let mut device = context.device().write().map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)?;
+        let row_alignment_mask = context
+            .physical_device_properties()
+            .limits
+            .optimal_buffer_copy_pitch_alignment as u32
+            - 1;
+
+        Self::from_device_allocator(
+            &mut device,
+            &mut allocator,
+            row_alignment_mask,
+            spec,
+            sampler_desc,
+        )
+    }
+
+    /// Create an uninitialised image and sampler using memory from the specified pool, but using a much less convenient signature.
+    /// Use this when you don't have access to the full context.
+    pub fn from_device_allocator(
+        device: &mut DeviceT,
+        pool: &mut P,
+        row_alignment_mask: u32,
+        spec: &ImageSpec,
+        sampler_desc: &SamplerDesc,
+    ) -> Result<Self> {
+        let sampler = unsafe { device.create_sampler(sampler_desc) }?;
+
+        Ok(SampledImage {
+            bound_image: ManuallyDrop::new(BoundImageView::from_device_allocator(
+                device,
+                pool,
+                row_alignment_mask,
+                spec,
+            )?),
+            sampler: ManuallyDrop::new(sampler),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Destroy all vulkan objects. Must be called before dropping.
+    pub fn deactivate_with_context(self, context: &mut RenderingContext) {
+        let mut device = context
+            .device()
+            .write()
+            .map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)
+            .unwrap();
+        let mut pool = context
+            .existing_memory_pool::<P>()
+            .unwrap()
+            .write()
+            .unwrap();
+
+        self.deactivate_with_device_pool(&mut device, &mut pool);
+    }
+
+    /// Destroy all vulkan objects. Must be called before dropping.
+    pub fn deactivate_with_device_pool(self, device: &mut DeviceT, pool: &mut P) {
+        unsafe {
+            use std::ptr::read;
+            read(&*self.bound_image).deactivate_with_device_pool(device, pool);
+            device.destroy_sampler(read(&*self.sampler));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Get a reference to the bound image object.
+    pub fn bound_image(&self) -> &BoundImageView<P> {
+        &self.bound_image
+    }
+
+    /// Get a reference to the bound image.
+    pub fn img(&self) -> &ImageT {
+        self.bound_image.img()
+    }
+
+    /// Get a reference to the view of the bound image.
+    pub fn img_view(&self) -> &ImageViewT {
+        self.bound_image.img_view()
+    }
+
+    /// Get the bound image view's row size.
+    pub fn row_size(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.bound_image.row_size()
+    }
+
+    /// Get the bound image view's unpadded row size.
+    pub fn unpadded_row_size(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.bound_image.unpadded_row_size()
+    }
+
+    /// Get the bound image view's height.
+    pub fn height(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.bound_image.height()
+    }
+
+    /// Get a reference to the memory used by the bound image.
+    pub fn mem(&self) -> &<P as MemoryPool>::Block {
+        self.bound_image.mem()
+    }
+
+    /// Get a reference to the sampler.
+    pub fn sampler(&self) -> &SamplerT {
+        &self.sampler
+    }
+}
+
+/// Information needed to create an image.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct ImageSpec {
+    pub width: u32,
+    pub height: u32,
+    pub format: Format,
+    pub usage: Usage,
+    pub resources: SubresourceRange,
+}
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/mod.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/mod.rs
index 74c5aab..08b2356 100644
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/mod.rs
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/mod.rs
@@ -1,63 +1,6 @@
-//! All sorts of buffers
+//! Convenience types wrapping buffers
 
-use std::ops::IndexMut;
-
-use crate::{error::EnvironmentError, types::*};
-
-use anyhow::{Context, Result};
-use hal::{
-    buffer::Usage,
-    memory::{Properties, SparseFlags},
-    MemoryTypeId,
-};
-
-mod dedicated_image;
-mod draw_buffers;
-mod staged;
-
-pub use dedicated_image::*;
-pub use draw_buffers::*;
-pub use staged::*;
-
-/// Create a buffer of the given specifications, allocating more device memory.
-// TODO: Use a different memory allocator?
-pub(crate) fn create_buffer(
-    device: &mut DeviceT,
-    adapter: &Adapter,
-    usage: Usage,
-    properties: Properties,
-    size: u64,
-) -> Result<(BufferT, MemoryT)> {
-    let mut buffer = unsafe { device.create_buffer(size, usage, SparseFlags::empty()) }
-        .context("Error creating buffer")?;
-
-    let requirements = unsafe { device.get_buffer_requirements(&buffer) };
-    let memory_type_id = adapter
-        .physical_device
-        .memory_properties()
-        .memory_types
-        .iter()
-        .enumerate()
-        .find(|&(id, memory_type)| {
-            requirements.type_mask & (1 << id) != 0 && memory_type.properties.contains(properties)
-        })
-        .map(|(id, _)| MemoryTypeId(id))
-        .ok_or(EnvironmentError::NoMemoryTypes)?;
-
-    let memory = unsafe { device.allocate_memory(memory_type_id, requirements.size) }
-        .context("Error allocating memory")?;
-
-    unsafe { device.bind_buffer_memory(&memory, 0, &mut buffer) }
-        .context("Error binding memory to buffer")?;
-
-    Ok((buffer, memory))
-}
-
-/// A buffer that can be modified by the CPU
-pub trait ModifiableBuffer: IndexMut<usize> {
-    /// Get a handle to the underlying GPU buffer
-    fn get_buffer(&mut self) -> &BufferT;
-
-    /// Record the command(s) required to commit changes to this buffer to the given command buffer.
-    fn record_commit_cmds(&mut self, cmd_buffer: &mut CommandBufferT) -> Result<()>;
-}
+pub mod draw;
+pub mod image;
+pub mod staged;
+pub mod staging;
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/staged.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/staged.rs
index 71b5204..ec42102 100644
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/staged.rs
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/staged.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 //! A buffer that can be written to by the CPU using staging memory
 
-use super::{create_buffer, ModifiableBuffer};
-use crate::types::*;
+use crate::{
+    context::RenderingContext,
+    error::LockPoisoned,
+    mem::{Block, MappableBlock, MemoryPool},
+    types::*,
+};
 
 use core::mem::{size_of, ManuallyDrop};
 use std::{
@@ -10,72 +14,88 @@ use std::{
 };
 
 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
-use hal::{
-    buffer::Usage,
-    command::BufferCopy,
-    memory::{Properties, Segment},
-};
+use hal::{buffer::Usage, command::BufferCopy, memory::SparseFlags};
 
-/// A GPU buffer that is written to using a staging buffer
-pub struct StagedBuffer<'a, T: Sized> {
+/// A GPU buffer that is written to using a staging buffer. The staging buffer and the GPU buffers are the same size,
+/// so this isn't optimal in a lot of cases.
+pub struct StagedBuffer<'a, T: Sized, P: MemoryPool, SP: MemoryPool> {
     /// CPU-visible buffer
     staged_buffer: ManuallyDrop<BufferT>,
 
     /// CPU-visible memory
-    staged_memory: ManuallyDrop<MemoryT>,
+    staged_memory: ManuallyDrop<SP::Block>,
 
     /// GPU Buffer
     buffer: ManuallyDrop<BufferT>,
 
     /// GPU Memory
-    memory: ManuallyDrop<MemoryT>,
+    memory: ManuallyDrop<P::Block>,
 
     /// Where staged buffer is mapped in CPU memory
     staged_mapped_memory: &'a mut [T],
 
     /// The highest index in the buffer that's been written to.
-    pub highest_used: usize,
+    highest_used: usize,
 }
 
-impl<'a, T: Sized> StagedBuffer<'a, T> {
-    /// size is the size in T
-    pub fn new(device: &mut DeviceT, adapter: &Adapter, usage: Usage, size: u64) -> Result<Self> {
+impl<'a, T, P, SP> StagedBuffer<'a, T, P, SP>
+where
+    T: Sized,
+    P: MemoryPool,
+    SP: MemoryPool,
+    SP::Block: MappableBlock,
+{
+    /// Create an new staged buffer from the given rendering context.
+    /// `size` is the size in T. The GPU buffer's usage will be `usage | Usage::TRANSFER_DST` and the staging buffer's usage will be `Usage::TRANSFER_SRC`.
+    pub fn from_context(context: &mut RenderingContext, usage: Usage, size: u64) -> Result<Self> {
         // Convert size to bytes
         let size_bytes = size * size_of::<T>() as u64;
 
-        // Get CPU-visible buffer
-        let (staged_buffer, mut staged_memory) = create_buffer(
-            device,
-            adapter,
-            Usage::TRANSFER_SRC,
-            Properties::CPU_VISIBLE,
-            size_bytes,
-        )
-        .context("Error creating staging buffer")?;
-
-        // Get GPU Buffer
-        let (buffer, memory) = create_buffer(
-            device,
-            adapter,
-            Usage::TRANSFER_DST | usage,
-            Properties::DEVICE_LOCAL | Properties::COHERENT,
-            size_bytes,
-        )
-        .context("Error creating GPU buffer")?;
-
-        // Map it somewhere and get a slice to that memory
+        // Make sure our memory pools exist
+        context.ensure_memory_pool::<P>()?;
+        context.ensure_memory_pool::<SP>()?;
+
+        // Lock the device and memory pools
+        let mut device = context.device().write().map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)?;
+        let mut mempool = context
+            .existing_memory_pool::<P>()
+            .unwrap()
+            .write()
+            .map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::MemoryPool)?;
+        let mut staging_mempool = context
+            .existing_memory_pool::<SP>()
+            .unwrap()
+            .write()
+            .map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::MemoryPool)?;
+
+        // Staging buffer
+        let (staged_buffer, mut staged_memory) = unsafe {
+            create_buffer(
+                &mut device,
+                size_bytes,
+                Usage::TRANSFER_SRC,
+                &mut *staging_mempool,
+            )
+            .context("Error creating staging buffer")?
+        };
+
+        // GPU Buffer
+        let (buffer, memory) = unsafe {
+            create_buffer(
+                &mut device,
+                size_bytes,
+                usage | Usage::TRANSFER_DST,
+                &mut *mempool,
+            )
+            .context("Error creating GPU buffer")?
+        };
+
+        // Map the staging buffer somewhere
         let staged_mapped_memory = unsafe {
-            let ptr = device
-                .map_memory(
-                    &mut staged_memory,
-                    Segment {
-                        offset: 0,
-                        size: Some(size_bytes),
-                    },
-                )
-                .context("Error mapping staged memory")?;
-
-            std::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(ptr as *mut T, size.try_into()?)
+            std::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(
+                std::mem::transmute(staged_memory.map(&mut device, 0..size_bytes)?),
+                size.try_into()?,
+            )
         };
 
         Ok(StagedBuffer {
@@ -88,26 +108,39 @@ impl<'a, T: Sized> StagedBuffer<'a, T> {
         })
     }
 
-    /// Call this before dropping
-    pub(crate) fn deactivate(mut self, device: &mut DeviceT) {
+    /// Destroy all Vulkan objects. Should be called before dropping.
+    pub fn deactivate(mut self, context: &mut RenderingContext) {
         unsafe {
-            device.unmap_memory(&mut self.staged_memory);
+            let device = &mut *context.device().write().unwrap();
 
-            device.free_memory(ManuallyDrop::take(&mut self.staged_memory));
-            device.destroy_buffer(ManuallyDrop::take(&mut self.staged_buffer));
+            self.staged_memory.unmap(device).unwrap();
+
+            context
+                .existing_memory_pool::<SP>()
+                .unwrap()
+                .write()
+                .unwrap()
+                .free(device, ManuallyDrop::take(&mut self.staged_memory));
 
-            device.free_memory(ManuallyDrop::take(&mut self.memory));
+            context
+                .existing_memory_pool::<P>()
+                .unwrap()
+                .write()
+                .unwrap()
+                .free(device, ManuallyDrop::take(&mut self.memory));
+
+            device.destroy_buffer(ManuallyDrop::take(&mut self.staged_buffer));
             device.destroy_buffer(ManuallyDrop::take(&mut self.buffer));
         };
     }
-}
 
-impl<'a, T: Sized> ModifiableBuffer for StagedBuffer<'a, T> {
-    fn get_buffer(&mut self) -> &BufferT {
+    /// Get a handle to the underlying GPU buffer
+    pub fn get_buffer(&mut self) -> &BufferT {
         &self.buffer
     }
 
-    fn record_commit_cmds(&mut self, buf: &mut CommandBufferT) -> Result<()> {
+    /// Record the command(s) required to commit changes to this buffer to the given command buffer.
+    pub fn record_commit_cmds(&mut self, buf: &mut CommandBufferT) -> Result<()> {
         unsafe {
             buf.copy_buffer(
                 &self.staged_buffer,
@@ -122,9 +155,35 @@ impl<'a, T: Sized> ModifiableBuffer for StagedBuffer<'a, T> {
 
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    /// Get the highest byte in this buffer that's been written to (by the CPU)
+    pub fn highest_used(&self) -> usize {
+        self.highest_used
+    }
+}
+
+/// Used internally to create a buffer from a memory pool
+unsafe fn create_buffer<P: MemoryPool>(
+    device: &mut DeviceT,
+    size: u64,
+    usage: Usage,
+    mempool: &mut P,
+) -> Result<(BufferT, P::Block)> {
+    let mut buffer = device
+        .create_buffer(size, usage, SparseFlags::empty())
+        .context("Error creating buffer")?;
+    let req = device.get_buffer_requirements(&buffer);
+
+    let (memory, _) = mempool.alloc(device, size, req.alignment)?;
+
+    device
+        .bind_buffer_memory(memory.memory(), 0, &mut buffer)
+        .context("Error binding memory to buffer")?;
+
+    Ok((buffer, memory))
 }
 
-impl<'a, T: Sized> Index<usize> for StagedBuffer<'a, T> {
+impl<'a, T: Sized, P: MemoryPool, SP: MemoryPool> Index<usize> for StagedBuffer<'a, T, P, SP> {
     type Output = T;
 
     fn index(&self, index: usize) -> &Self::Output {
@@ -132,7 +191,7 @@ impl<'a, T: Sized> Index<usize> for StagedBuffer<'a, T> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<'a, T: Sized> IndexMut<usize> for StagedBuffer<'a, T> {
+impl<'a, T: Sized, P: MemoryPool, SP: MemoryPool> IndexMut<usize> for StagedBuffer<'a, T, P, SP> {
     fn index_mut(&mut self, index: usize) -> &mut Self::Output {
         if index > self.highest_used {
             self.highest_used = index;
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/staging.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/staging.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c80f51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/buffers/staging.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+//! A buffer that can be written to by the CPU
+
+use crate::{
+    context::RenderingContext,
+    error::LockPoisoned,
+    mem::{Block, MappableBlock, MemoryPool},
+    types::*,
+};
+
+use std::{mem::ManuallyDrop, ops::Range};
+
+use anyhow::{Context, Result};
+use hal::{buffer::Usage, memory::SparseFlags};
+
+/// A buffer that can be written to by the CPU. Usage will be `Usage::TRANSFER_SRC`.
+pub struct StagingBuffer<P: MemoryPool> {
+    buf: ManuallyDrop<BufferT>,
+    mem: ManuallyDrop<P::Block>,
+}
+
+impl<P> StagingBuffer<P>
+where
+    P: MemoryPool,
+    P::Block: MappableBlock,
+{
+    /// Create a new staging buffer from the given RenderingContext. `size` is in bytes.
+    pub fn from_context(context: &mut RenderingContext, size: u64) -> Result<Self> {
+        context.ensure_memory_pool::<P>()?;
+
+        let mut device = context.device().write().map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)?;
+        let mut mempool = context
+            .existing_memory_pool()
+            .unwrap()
+            .write()
+            .map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::MemoryPool)?;
+
+        Self::from_device_pool(&mut device, &mut mempool, size)
+    }
+
+    /// Create a new staging buffer from the given device and memory pool. `size` is in bytes.
+    pub fn from_device_pool(device: &mut DeviceT, mempool: &mut P, size: u64) -> Result<Self> {
+        let mut buffer =
+            unsafe { device.create_buffer(size, Usage::TRANSFER_SRC, SparseFlags::empty()) }
+                .context("Error creating buffer")?;
+
+        let requirements = unsafe { device.get_buffer_requirements(&buffer) };
+
+        let (memory, _) = mempool
+            .alloc(device, requirements.size, requirements.alignment)
+            .context("Error allocating staging memory")?;
+
+        unsafe { device.bind_buffer_memory(memory.memory(), memory.range().start, &mut buffer) }
+            .context("Error binding staging memory to buffer")?;
+
+        Ok(StagingBuffer {
+            buf: ManuallyDrop::new(buffer),
+            mem: ManuallyDrop::new(memory),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Map the given range to CPU-visible memory, returning a pointer to the start of that range.
+    /// inner_range is local to this block of memory, not to the container as a whole.
+    pub fn map(&mut self, device: &mut DeviceT, inner_range: Range<u64>) -> Result<*mut u8> {
+        Ok(<<P as MemoryPool>::Block>::map(
+            &mut *self.mem,
+            device,
+            inner_range,
+        )?)
+    }
+
+    /// Remove any mappings present for this staging buffer.
+    pub unsafe fn unmap(&mut self, device: &mut DeviceT) -> Result<()> {
+        self.mem.unmap(device)
+    }
+
+    pub fn deactivate_context(self, context: &mut RenderingContext) {
+        let mut device = context.device().write().unwrap();
+        let mut mempool = context.existing_memory_pool().unwrap().write().unwrap();
+
+        self.deactivate_device_pool(&mut device, &mut mempool)
+    }
+
+    /// Destroy all vulkan objects. This should be called before dropping
+    pub fn deactivate_device_pool(self, device: &mut DeviceT, mempool: &mut P) {
+        unsafe {
+            use std::ptr::read;
+            // Destroy buffer
+            device.destroy_buffer(read(&*self.buf));
+            // Free memory
+            mempool.free(device, read(&*self.mem));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Get a reference to the staging buffer's memory.
+    pub fn mem(&self) -> &P::Block {
+        &self.mem
+    }
+
+    /// Get a reference to the staging buffer.
+    pub fn buf(&self) -> &ManuallyDrop<BufferT> {
+        &self.buf
+    }
+}
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/builders/pipeline.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/builders/pipeline.rs
index f68d9d6..9f4937f 100644
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/builders/pipeline.rs
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/builders/pipeline.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 use super::{renderpass::RenderpassSpec, shader::ShaderDesc};
-use crate::{error::EnvironmentError, target::SwapchainProperties, types::*};
+use crate::{
+    error::EnvironmentError, target::SwapchainProperties, types::*, utils::get_pixel_size,
+};
 
 use std::{mem::ManuallyDrop, ops::Range};
 
@@ -33,23 +35,15 @@ impl VertexBufferSpec {
                     format: *format,
                 },
             });
-            offset += get_size(*format);
+            offset += get_pixel_size(*format);
         }
 
         v
     }
     pub fn stride(&self) -> ElemStride {
-        self.attributes.iter().fold(0, |x, f| x + get_size(*f))
-    }
-}
-
-fn get_size(f: Format) -> u32 {
-    match f {
-        Format::Rgb32Sfloat => 4 * 3,
-        Format::R32Sint => 4,
-        Format::Rg32Sfloat => 4 * 2,
-        Format::Rgba32Sfloat => 4 * 4,
-        _ => unimplemented!("dont know size of format {:?}", f),
+        self.attributes
+            .iter()
+            .fold(0, |x, f| x + get_pixel_size(*f))
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/context.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/context.rs
index 5e2d3a3..be627f2 100644
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/context.rs
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/context.rs
@@ -2,13 +2,15 @@
 //! This relies on draw passes for the actual drawing logic.
 
 use std::{
+    any::{Any, TypeId},
+    collections::HashMap,
     mem::ManuallyDrop,
     ptr::read,
     sync::{Arc, RwLock},
 };
 
 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
-use hal::pool::CommandPoolCreateFlags;
+use hal::{pool::CommandPoolCreateFlags, PhysicalDeviceProperties};
 use log::debug;
 
 use winit::window::Window;
@@ -21,16 +23,15 @@ use super::{
 use crate::{
     draw_passes::Singular,
     error::{EnvironmentError, LockPoisoned},
+    mem::MemoryPool,
     types::*,
 };
 
 use stockton_types::Session;
 
-/// Contains all the hal related stuff.
-/// In the end, this takes in a depth-sorted list of faces and a map file and renders them.
-// TODO: Settings for clear colour, buffer sizes, etc
+/// Contains most root vulkan objects, and some precalculated info such as best formats to use.
+/// In most cases, this and the DrawPass should contain all vulkan objects present.
 pub struct RenderingContext {
-    // Parents for most of these things
     /// Vulkan Instance
     instance: ManuallyDrop<back::Instance>,
 
@@ -40,6 +41,9 @@ pub struct RenderingContext {
     /// Adapter we're using
     adapter: Adapter,
 
+    /// The properties of the physical device we're using
+    physical_device_properties: PhysicalDeviceProperties,
+
     /// Swapchain and stuff
     target_chain: ManuallyDrop<TargetChain>,
 
@@ -47,12 +51,17 @@ pub struct RenderingContext {
     /// The command pool used for our buffers
     cmd_pool: ManuallyDrop<CommandPoolT>,
 
+    /// The queue negotiator to use
     queue_negotiator: QueueNegotiator,
 
     /// The queue to use for drawing
     queue: Arc<RwLock<QueueT>>,
 
+    ///  Number of pixels per standard point
     pixels_per_point: f32,
+
+    /// The list of memory pools
+    memory_pools: HashMap<TypeId, Box<dyn Any>>,
 }
 
 impl RenderingContext {
@@ -164,6 +173,7 @@ impl RenderingContext {
             instance: ManuallyDrop::new(instance),
 
             device: device_lock,
+            physical_device_properties: adapter.physical_device.properties(),
             adapter,
 
             queue_negotiator,
@@ -172,8 +182,8 @@ impl RenderingContext {
             target_chain: ManuallyDrop::new(target_chain),
             cmd_pool: ManuallyDrop::new(cmd_pool),
 
-            // pixels_per_point: window.scale_factor() as f32,
             pixels_per_point: window.scale_factor() as f32,
+            memory_pools: HashMap::new(),
         })
     }
 
@@ -259,6 +269,36 @@ impl RenderingContext {
     pub fn queue_negotiator_mut(&mut self) -> &mut QueueNegotiator {
         &mut self.queue_negotiator
     }
+
+    /// Get a reference to the physical device's properties.
+    pub fn physical_device_properties(&self) -> &PhysicalDeviceProperties {
+        &self.physical_device_properties
+    }
+
+    /// Get the specified memory pool, lazily initialising it if it's not yet present
+    pub fn memory_pool<'a, P: MemoryPool>(&'a mut self) -> Result<&'a Arc<RwLock<P>>> {
+        self.ensure_memory_pool::<P>()?;
+        Ok(self.existing_memory_pool::<P>().unwrap())
+    }
+
+    /// Ensure the specified memory pool is initialised.
+    pub fn ensure_memory_pool<P: MemoryPool>(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
+        let tid = TypeId::of::<P>();
+        if !self.memory_pools.contains_key(&tid) {
+            self.memory_pools
+                .insert(tid, Box::new(P::from_context(self)?));
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Get the specified memory pool, returning None if it's not yet present
+    /// You should only use this when you're certain it exists, such as when freeing memory
+    /// allocated from that pool
+    pub fn existing_memory_pool<P: MemoryPool>(&self) -> Option<&Arc<RwLock<P>>> {
+        self.memory_pools
+            .get(&TypeId::of::<P>())
+            .map(|x| x.downcast_ref().unwrap())
+    }
 }
 
 impl core::ops::Drop for RenderingContext {
@@ -267,6 +307,8 @@ impl core::ops::Drop for RenderingContext {
             self.device.write().unwrap().wait_idle().unwrap();
         }
 
+        // TODO: Better deactivation code
+
         unsafe {
             let mut device = self.device.write().unwrap();
 
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/error.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/error.rs
index 1f57892..6d7e7ad 100644
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/error.rs
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/error.rs
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@ pub enum LockPoisoned {
 
     #[error("Other lock poisoned")]
     Other,
+
+    #[error("Memory pool lock poisoned")]
+    MemoryPool,
 }
 
 /// Indicates the given property has no acceptable values
@@ -43,6 +46,15 @@ pub enum EnvironmentError {
 
     #[error("No suitable queues")]
     NoQueues,
+
+    #[error("Memory pool missing")]
+    MemoryPoolMissing,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+pub enum UsageError {
+    #[error("Attempt to create mappable memory block from non-mappable memory")]
+    NonMappableMemory,
 }
 
 /// Indicates an issue with the level object being used
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/lib.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/lib.rs
index 3212873..785fb30 100644
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/lib.rs
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/lib.rs
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ pub mod builders;
 pub mod context;
 pub mod draw_passes;
 pub mod error;
+pub mod mem;
 pub mod queue_negotiator;
 mod target;
 pub mod texture;
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/mem.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/mem.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af0a42b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/mem.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+//! Used to represent access different memory 'pools'.
+//! Ideally, each pool is optimised for a specific use case.
+//! You can implement your own pools using whatever algorithm you'd like. You just need to implement [`MemoryPool`] and optionally [`Block`], then access it
+//! using [`RenderingContext.pool_allocator`]
+//! Alternatively, some default memory pools are availble when the feature `rendy_pools` is used (on by default).
+
+use crate::{context::RenderingContext, types::*};
+
+use std::{
+    ops::Range,
+    sync::{Arc, RwLock},
+};
+
+use anyhow::Result;
+use hal::memory::Properties;
+
+/// An allocator whose memory and allocation pattern is optimised for a specific use case.
+pub trait MemoryPool: Send + Sync + 'static {
+    /// The block returned by this pool
+    type Block: Block + Send + Sync;
+
+    /// Create a new memory pool from the given context
+    /// This is called to lazily initialise the memory pool when it is first requested.
+    /// It can do any sort of filtering on memory types required.
+    fn from_context(context: &RenderingContext) -> Result<Arc<RwLock<Self>>>;
+
+    /// Allocate block of memory.
+    /// On success returns allocated block and amount of memory consumed from device.
+    /// The returned block must not overlap with any other allocated block, the start of it must be `0 mod(align)`,
+    /// and it must be at least `size` bytes.
+    fn alloc(&mut self, device: &DeviceT, size: u64, align: u64) -> Result<(Self::Block, u64)>;
+
+    /// Free block of memory.
+    /// Returns amount of memory returned to the device.
+    /// If the given block was not allocated from this pool, this should be a no-op and should return 0.
+    fn free(&mut self, device: &DeviceT, block: Self::Block) -> u64;
+
+    /// Deactivate this memory pool, freeing any allocated memory objects.
+    fn deactivate(self, context: &mut RenderingContext);
+}
+
+/// Block that owns a `Range` of the `Memory`.
+/// Provides access to safe memory range mapping.
+pub trait Block {
+    /// Get memory properties of the block.
+    fn properties(&self) -> Properties;
+
+    /// Get raw memory object.
+    fn memory(&self) -> &MemoryT;
+
+    /// Get memory range owned by this block.
+    fn range(&self) -> Range<u64>;
+
+    /// Get size of the block.
+    fn size(&self) -> u64 {
+        let range = self.range();
+        range.end - range.start
+    }
+}
+
+/// An additional trait for [`Block`]s that can be mapped to CPU-visible memory.
+///
+/// This should only be implemented for blocks that are *guaranteed* to be visible to the CPU
+/// and may panic if this is not the case.
+pub trait MappableBlock: Block {
+    /// Attempt to map this block to CPU-visible memory.
+    /// `inner_range` is counted from only inside this block, not the wider memory object this block is a part of
+    fn map(&mut self, device: &mut DeviceT, inner_range: Range<u64>) -> Result<*mut u8>;
+
+    /// Unmap this block from CPU-visible memory.
+    /// If this block is not mapped, this should be a no-op.
+    /// Implementors should ensure that this does not accidentally unmap other blocks using the same memory block.
+    fn unmap(&mut self, device: &mut DeviceT) -> Result<()>;
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "rendy-pools")]
+mod rendy {
+    use super::*;
+
+    use crate::{
+        error::{EnvironmentError, LockPoisoned, UsageError},
+        utils::find_memory_type_id,
+    };
+
+    use anyhow::{anyhow, Context, Result};
+    use hal::{
+        format::Format,
+        memory::{Properties as MemProps, SparseFlags},
+    };
+    use rendy_memory::{Allocator, Block as RBlock, DynamicAllocator, DynamicBlock, DynamicConfig};
+
+    /// So we can use rendy blocks as our blocks
+    impl<T: RBlock<back::Backend>> Block for T {
+        fn properties(&self) -> Properties {
+            <T as RBlock<back::Backend>>::properties(&self)
+        }
+
+        fn memory(&self) -> &MemoryT {
+            <T as RBlock<back::Backend>>::memory(&self)
+        }
+
+        fn range(&self) -> Range<u64> {
+            <T as RBlock<back::Backend>>::range(&self)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Intended to be used for textures.
+    /// The allocated memory is guaranteed to be suitable for any colour image with optimal tiling and no extra sparse flags or view capabilities.
+    pub struct TexturesPool(DynamicAllocator<back::Backend>);
+    impl MemoryPool for TexturesPool {
+        type Block = DynamicBlock<back::Backend>;
+
+        fn alloc(&mut self, device: &DeviceT, size: u64, align: u64) -> Result<(Self::Block, u64)> {
+            Ok(self.0.alloc(device, size, align)?)
+        }
+
+        fn free(&mut self, device: &DeviceT, block: Self::Block) -> u64 {
+            self.0.free(device, block)
+        }
+
+        fn from_context(context: &RenderingContext) -> Result<Arc<RwLock<Self>>> {
+            let type_mask = unsafe {
+                use hal::image::{Kind, Tiling, Usage, ViewCapabilities};
+
+                // We create an empty image with the same format as used for textures
+                // this is to get the type_mask required, which will stay the same for
+                // all colour images of the same tiling. (certain memory flags excluded).
+
+                // Size and alignment don't necessarily stay the same, so we're forced to
+                // guess at the alignment for our allocator.
+                let device = context.device().write().map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)?;
+                let img = device
+                    .create_image(
+                        Kind::D2(16, 16, 1, 1),
+                        1,
+                        Format::Rgba8Srgb,
+                        Tiling::Optimal,
+                        Usage::SAMPLED,
+                        SparseFlags::empty(),
+                        ViewCapabilities::empty(),
+                    )
+                    .context("Error creating test image to get buffer settings")?;
+
+                let type_mask = device.get_image_requirements(&img).type_mask;
+
+                device.destroy_image(img);
+
+                type_mask
+            };
+
+            let allocator = {
+                let props = MemProps::DEVICE_LOCAL;
+
+                DynamicAllocator::new(
+                    find_memory_type_id(context.adapter(), type_mask, props)
+                        .ok_or(EnvironmentError::NoMemoryTypes)?,
+                    props,
+                    DynamicConfig {
+                        block_size_granularity: 4 * 32 * 32, // 32x32 image
+                        max_chunk_size: u64::pow(2, 63),
+                        min_device_allocation: 4 * 32 * 32,
+                    },
+                    context
+                        .physical_device_properties()
+                        .limits
+                        .non_coherent_atom_size as u64,
+                )
+            };
+
+            Ok(Arc::new(RwLock::new(Self(allocator))))
+        }
+
+        fn deactivate(self, _context: &mut RenderingContext) {
+            self.0.dispose();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Used for depth buffers.
+    /// Memory returned is guaranteed to be suitable for any image using `context.target_chain().properties().depth_format` with optimal tiling, and no sparse flags or view capabilities.
+    pub struct DepthBufferPool(DynamicAllocator<back::Backend>);
+    impl MemoryPool for DepthBufferPool {
+        type Block = DynamicBlock<back::Backend>;
+
+        fn alloc(&mut self, device: &DeviceT, size: u64, align: u64) -> Result<(Self::Block, u64)> {
+            Ok(self.0.alloc(device, size, align)?)
+        }
+
+        fn free(&mut self, device: &DeviceT, block: Self::Block) -> u64 {
+            self.0.free(device, block)
+        }
+
+        fn from_context(context: &RenderingContext) -> Result<Arc<RwLock<Self>>> {
+            let type_mask = unsafe {
+                use hal::image::{Kind, Tiling, Usage, ViewCapabilities};
+
+                let device = context.device().write().map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)?;
+                let img = device
+                    .create_image(
+                        Kind::D2(16, 16, 1, 1),
+                        1,
+                        context.target_chain().properties().depth_format,
+                        Tiling::Optimal,
+                        Usage::SAMPLED,
+                        SparseFlags::empty(),
+                        ViewCapabilities::empty(),
+                    )
+                    .context("Error creating test image to get buffer settings")?;
+
+                let type_mask = device.get_image_requirements(&img).type_mask;
+
+                device.destroy_image(img);
+
+                type_mask
+            };
+
+            let allocator = {
+                let props = MemProps::DEVICE_LOCAL;
+
+                DynamicAllocator::new(
+                    find_memory_type_id(context.adapter(), type_mask, props)
+                        .ok_or(EnvironmentError::NoMemoryTypes)?,
+                    props,
+                    DynamicConfig {
+                        block_size_granularity: 4 * 32 * 32, // 32x32 image
+                        max_chunk_size: u64::pow(2, 63),
+                        min_device_allocation: 4 * 32 * 32,
+                    },
+                    context
+                        .physical_device_properties()
+                        .limits
+                        .non_coherent_atom_size as u64,
+                )
+            };
+
+            Ok(Arc::new(RwLock::new(Self(allocator))))
+        }
+
+        fn deactivate(self, _context: &mut RenderingContext) {
+            self.0.dispose()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Used for staging buffers
+    pub struct StagingPool(DynamicAllocator<back::Backend>);
+    impl MemoryPool for StagingPool {
+        type Block = MappableRBlock<DynamicBlock<back::Backend>>;
+
+        fn alloc(&mut self, device: &DeviceT, size: u64, align: u64) -> Result<(Self::Block, u64)> {
+            let (b, size) = self.0.alloc(device, size, align)?;
+            Ok((MappableRBlock::new_unchecked(b), size))
+        }
+
+        fn free(&mut self, device: &DeviceT, block: Self::Block) -> u64 {
+            self.0.free(device, block.0)
+        }
+
+        fn from_context(context: &RenderingContext) -> Result<Arc<RwLock<Self>>> {
+            let allocator = {
+                let props = MemProps::CPU_VISIBLE | MemProps::COHERENT;
+                let t = find_memory_type_id(context.adapter(), u32::MAX, props)
+                    .ok_or(EnvironmentError::NoMemoryTypes)?;
+                DynamicAllocator::new(
+                    t,
+                    props,
+                    DynamicConfig {
+                        block_size_granularity: 4 * 32 * 32, // 32x32 image
+                        max_chunk_size: u64::pow(2, 63),
+                        min_device_allocation: 4 * 32 * 32,
+                    },
+                    context
+                        .physical_device_properties()
+                        .limits
+                        .non_coherent_atom_size as u64,
+                )
+            };
+
+            Ok(Arc::new(RwLock::new(StagingPool(allocator))))
+        }
+
+        fn deactivate(self, _context: &mut RenderingContext) {
+            self.0.dispose()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Suitable for input data, such as vertices and indices.
+    pub struct DataPool(DynamicAllocator<back::Backend>);
+    impl MemoryPool for DataPool {
+        type Block = DynamicBlock<back::Backend>;
+
+        fn alloc(&mut self, device: &DeviceT, size: u64, align: u64) -> Result<(Self::Block, u64)> {
+            Ok(self.0.alloc(device, size, align)?)
+        }
+
+        fn free(&mut self, device: &DeviceT, block: Self::Block) -> u64 {
+            self.0.free(device, block)
+        }
+
+        fn from_context(context: &RenderingContext) -> Result<Arc<RwLock<Self>>> {
+            let allocator = {
+                let props = MemProps::CPU_VISIBLE | MemProps::COHERENT;
+                let t = find_memory_type_id(context.adapter(), u32::MAX, props)
+                    .ok_or(EnvironmentError::NoMemoryTypes)?;
+                DynamicAllocator::new(
+                    t,
+                    props,
+                    DynamicConfig {
+                        block_size_granularity: 4 * 4 * 128, // 128 f32 XYZ[?] vertices
+                        max_chunk_size: u64::pow(2, 63),
+                        min_device_allocation: 4 * 4 * 128,
+                    },
+                    context
+                        .physical_device_properties()
+                        .limits
+                        .non_coherent_atom_size as u64,
+                )
+            };
+
+            Ok(Arc::new(RwLock::new(DataPool(allocator))))
+        }
+
+        fn deactivate(self, _context: &mut RenderingContext) {
+            self.0.dispose()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// A rendy memory block that is guaranteed to be CPU visible.
+    pub struct MappableRBlock<B: RBlock<back::Backend>>(B);
+    impl<B: RBlock<back::Backend>> MappableRBlock<B> {
+        /// Create a new mappable memory block, returning an error if the block is not CPU visible
+        pub fn new(block: B) -> Result<Self> {
+            if !block.properties().contains(MemProps::CPU_VISIBLE) {
+                return Err(anyhow!(UsageError::NonMappableMemory));
+            }
+            Ok(Self::new_unchecked(block))
+        }
+
+        /// Create a new mappable memory block, without checking if the block is CPU visible.
+        pub fn new_unchecked(block: B) -> Self {
+            Self(block)
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl<B: RBlock<back::Backend>> Block for MappableRBlock<B> {
+        fn properties(&self) -> MemProps {
+            self.0.properties()
+        }
+
+        fn memory(&self) -> &MemoryT {
+            self.0.memory()
+        }
+
+        fn range(&self) -> Range<u64> {
+            self.0.range()
+        }
+    }
+    impl<B: RBlock<back::Backend>> MappableBlock for MappableRBlock<B> {
+        fn map(&mut self, device: &mut DeviceT, inner_range: Range<u64>) -> Result<*mut u8> {
+            unsafe { Ok(self.0.map(device, inner_range)?.ptr().as_mut()) }
+        }
+
+        fn unmap(&mut self, device: &mut DeviceT) -> Result<()> {
+            Ok(self.0.unmap(device))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "rendy-pools")]
+pub use rendy::*;
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/block.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/block.rs
index 5ac3a94..1b195c2 100644
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/block.rs
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/block.rs
@@ -1,21 +1,22 @@
 use super::{loader::BlockRef, repo::BLOCK_SIZE};
-use crate::types::*;
+use crate::{buffers::image::SampledImage, mem::MemoryPool, types::*};
 
 use arrayvec::ArrayVec;
-use rendy_memory::{Allocator, Block};
 use std::{iter::once, mem::ManuallyDrop};
 
-pub struct TexturesBlock<B: Block<back::Backend>> {
+/// A block of loaded textures
+pub struct TexturesBlock<TP: MemoryPool> {
     pub id: BlockRef,
     pub descriptor_set: ManuallyDrop<RDescriptorSet>,
-    pub imgs: ArrayVec<[LoadedImage<B>; BLOCK_SIZE]>,
+    pub imgs: ArrayVec<[SampledImage<TP>; BLOCK_SIZE]>,
 }
 
-impl<B: Block<back::Backend>> TexturesBlock<B> {
-    pub fn deactivate<T: Allocator<back::Backend, Block = B>>(
+impl<TP: MemoryPool> TexturesBlock<TP> {
+    /// Destroy all Vulkan objects. Must be called before dropping.
+    pub fn deactivate(
         mut self,
         device: &mut DeviceT,
-        tex_alloc: &mut T,
+        tex_alloc: &mut TP,
         desc_alloc: &mut DescriptorAllocator,
     ) {
         unsafe {
@@ -27,36 +28,8 @@ impl<B: Block<back::Backend>> TexturesBlock<B> {
             // Images
             self.imgs
                 .drain(..)
-                .map(|x| x.deactivate(device, tex_alloc))
+                .map(|x| x.deactivate_with_device_pool(device, tex_alloc))
                 .for_each(|_| {});
         }
     }
 }
-
-pub struct LoadedImage<B: Block<back::Backend>> {
-    pub mem: ManuallyDrop<B>,
-    pub img: ManuallyDrop<ImageT>,
-    pub img_view: ManuallyDrop<ImageViewT>,
-    pub sampler: ManuallyDrop<SamplerT>,
-    pub row_size: usize,
-    pub height: u32,
-    pub width: u32,
-}
-
-impl<B: Block<back::Backend>> LoadedImage<B> {
-    pub fn deactivate<T: Allocator<back::Backend, Block = B>>(
-        self,
-        device: &mut DeviceT,
-        alloc: &mut T,
-    ) {
-        unsafe {
-            use std::ptr::read;
-
-            device.destroy_image_view(read(&*self.img_view));
-            device.destroy_image(read(&*self.img));
-            device.destroy_sampler(read(&*self.sampler));
-
-            alloc.free(device, read(&*self.mem));
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/load.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/load.rs
index 1f33ad5..6cb4f4d 100644
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/load.rs
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/load.rs
@@ -1,31 +1,31 @@
-use super::{
-    block::LoadedImage, block::TexturesBlock, repo::BLOCK_SIZE, resolver::TextureResolver,
-    staging_buffer::StagingBuffer, LoadableImage, PIXEL_SIZE,
+use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
+
+use super::{block::TexturesBlock, repo::BLOCK_SIZE, resolver::TextureResolver, LoadableImage};
+use crate::{
+    buffers::{
+        image::{ImageSpec, SampledImage, COLOR_RESOURCES},
+        staging::StagingBuffer,
+    },
+    error::LockPoisoned,
+    mem::{Block, MappableBlock, MemoryPool},
+    types::*,
 };
-use crate::types::*;
 
 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
 use arrayvec::ArrayVec;
 use hal::{
-    format::{Aspects, Format, Swizzle},
+    format::{Aspects, Format},
     image::{
-        Filter, SamplerDesc, SubresourceLayers, SubresourceRange, Usage as ImgUsage, ViewKind,
-        WrapMode,
+        Filter, SamplerDesc, SubresourceLayers, SubresourceRange, Usage as ImgUsage, WrapMode,
     },
-    memory::SparseFlags,
-    MemoryTypeId,
 };
-use rendy_memory::{Allocator, Block};
-use std::mem::ManuallyDrop;
 use thiserror::Error;
 
-#[derive(Error, Debug)]
-pub enum TextureLoadError {
-    #[error("No available resources")]
-    NoResources,
-}
-
+/// The format used by the texture repo
+// TODO: This should be customisable.
 pub const FORMAT: Format = Format::Rgba8Srgb;
+
+/// The resources used by each texture. ie one colour aspect
 pub const RESOURCES: SubresourceRange = SubresourceRange {
     aspects: Aspects::COLOR,
     level_start: 0,
@@ -33,159 +33,112 @@ pub const RESOURCES: SubresourceRange = SubresourceRange {
     layer_start: 0,
     layer_count: Some(1),
 };
+
+/// The layers used by each texture. ie one colour layer
 pub const LAYERS: SubresourceLayers = SubresourceLayers {
     aspects: Aspects::COLOR,
     level: 0,
     layers: 0..1,
 };
 
+/// Configuration required to load a texture
 pub struct TextureLoadConfig<R: TextureResolver> {
+    /// The resolver to use
     pub resolver: R,
+
+    /// How to sample the image
     pub filter: Filter,
+
+    /// How to deal with texture coordinates outside the image.
     pub wrap_mode: WrapMode,
 }
 
-pub struct QueuedLoad<B: Block<back::Backend>> {
+/// A texture load that has been queued, and is finished when the fence triggers.
+pub struct QueuedLoad<TP: MemoryPool, SP: MemoryPool> {
     pub fence: FenceT,
     pub buf: CommandBufferT,
-    pub block: TexturesBlock<B>,
-    pub staging_bufs: ArrayVec<[StagingBuffer; BLOCK_SIZE]>,
+    pub block: TexturesBlock<TP>,
+    pub staging_bufs: ArrayVec<[StagingBuffer<SP>; BLOCK_SIZE]>,
 }
 
-impl<B: Block<back::Backend>> QueuedLoad<B> {
+impl<TP: MemoryPool, SP: MemoryPool> QueuedLoad<TP, SP> {
+    /// Break down into a tuple
     pub fn dissolve(
         self,
     ) -> (
         (FenceT, CommandBufferT),
-        ArrayVec<[StagingBuffer; BLOCK_SIZE]>,
-        TexturesBlock<B>,
+        ArrayVec<[StagingBuffer<SP>; BLOCK_SIZE]>,
+        TexturesBlock<TP>,
     ) {
         ((self.fence, self.buf), self.staging_bufs, self.block)
     }
 }
 
-pub fn tex_size_info<T: LoadableImage>(img: &T, obcpa: hal::buffer::Offset) -> (usize, usize) {
-    let initial_row_size = PIXEL_SIZE * img.width() as usize;
-    let row_alignment_mask = obcpa as u32 - 1;
-
-    let row_size = ((initial_row_size as u32 + row_alignment_mask) & !row_alignment_mask) as usize;
-    let total_size = (row_size * (img.height() as usize)) as u64;
-    debug_assert!(row_size as usize >= initial_row_size);
-
-    (row_size, total_size as usize)
-}
-
-pub fn create_image_view<T, I>(
+/// Create a SampledImage for the given LoadableImage, and load the image data into a StagingBuffer
+/// Note that this doesn't queue up transferring from the buffer to the image.
+pub unsafe fn load_image<I, R, SP, TP>(
     device: &mut DeviceT,
-    allocator: &mut T,
-    format: Format,
-    usage: ImgUsage,
-    img: &I,
-) -> Result<(T::Block, ImageT)>
+    staging_allocator: &Arc<RwLock<SP>>,
+    tex_allocator: &Arc<RwLock<TP>>,
+    obcpa: u32,
+    img_data: I,
+    config: &TextureLoadConfig<R>,
+) -> Result<(StagingBuffer<SP>, SampledImage<TP>)>
 where
-    T: Allocator<back::Backend>,
     I: LoadableImage,
+    R: TextureResolver,
+    SP: MemoryPool,
+    TP: MemoryPool,
+    SP::Block: MappableBlock,
 {
-    // Make the image
-    let mut image_ref = unsafe {
-        use hal::image::{Kind, Tiling, ViewCapabilities};
-
-        device.create_image(
-            Kind::D2(img.width(), img.height(), 1, 1),
-            1,
-            format,
-            Tiling::Optimal,
-            usage,
-            SparseFlags::empty(),
-            ViewCapabilities::empty(),
-        )
-    }
-    .context("Error creating image")?;
+    // Create sampled image
+    let sampled_image = {
+        let mut tex_allocator = tex_allocator
+            .write()
+            .map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::MemoryPool)?;
+
+        SampledImage::from_device_allocator(
+            device,
+            &mut *tex_allocator,
+            obcpa as u32,
+            &ImageSpec {
+                width: img_data.width(),
+                height: img_data.height(),
+                format: FORMAT,
+                usage: ImgUsage::TRANSFER_DST | ImgUsage::SAMPLED,
+                resources: COLOR_RESOURCES,
+            },
+            &SamplerDesc::new(config.filter, config.wrap_mode),
+        )?
+    };
 
-    // Allocate memory
-    let (block, _) = unsafe {
-        let requirements = device.get_image_requirements(&image_ref);
-
-        allocator.alloc(device, requirements.size, requirements.alignment)
-    }
-    .context("Error allocating memory")?;
-
-    unsafe {
-        device
-            .bind_image_memory(block.memory(), block.range().start, &mut image_ref)
-            .context("Error binding memory to image")?;
-    }
+    // Create staging buffer
+    let total_size = sampled_image.bound_image().mem().size();
 
-    Ok((block, image_ref))
-}
+    let mut staging_buffer = {
+        let mut staging_allocator = staging_allocator
+            .write()
+            .map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::MemoryPool)?;
 
-pub unsafe fn load_image<I: LoadableImage, R: TextureResolver>(
-    device: &mut DeviceT,
-    staging_allocator: &mut DynamicAllocator,
-    tex_allocator: &mut DynamicAllocator,
-    staging_memory_type: MemoryTypeId,
-    obcpa: u64,
-    img_data: I,
-    config: &TextureLoadConfig<R>,
-) -> Result<(StagingBuffer, LoadedImage<DynamicBlock>)> {
-    // Calculate buffer size
-    let (row_size, total_size) = tex_size_info(&img_data, obcpa);
-
-    // Create staging buffer
-    let mut staging_buffer = StagingBuffer::new(
-        device,
-        staging_allocator,
-        total_size as u64,
-        staging_memory_type,
-    )
-    .context("Error creating staging buffer")?;
+        StagingBuffer::from_device_pool(device, &mut *staging_allocator, total_size as u64)
+            .context("Error creating staging buffer")?
+    };
 
     // Write to staging buffer
     let mapped_memory = staging_buffer
-        .map_memory(device)
+        .map(device, 0..total_size)
         .context("Error mapping staged memory")?;
 
-    img_data.copy_into(mapped_memory, row_size);
-
-    staging_buffer.unmap_memory(device);
-
-    // Create image
-    let (img_mem, img) = create_image_view(
-        device,
-        tex_allocator,
-        FORMAT,
-        ImgUsage::SAMPLED | ImgUsage::TRANSFER_DST,
-        &img_data,
-    )
-    .context("Error creating image")?;
-
-    // Create image view
-    let img_view = device
-        .create_image_view(
-            &img,
-            ViewKind::D2,
-            FORMAT,
-            Swizzle::NO,
-            ImgUsage::SAMPLED | ImgUsage::TRANSFER_DST,
-            RESOURCES,
-        )
-        .context("Error creating image view")?;
-
-    // Create sampler
-    let sampler = device
-        .create_sampler(&SamplerDesc::new(config.filter, config.wrap_mode))
-        .context("Error creating sampler")?;
-
-    Ok((
-        staging_buffer,
-        LoadedImage {
-            mem: ManuallyDrop::new(img_mem),
-            img: ManuallyDrop::new(img),
-            img_view: ManuallyDrop::new(img_view),
-            sampler: ManuallyDrop::new(sampler),
-            row_size,
-            height: img_data.height(),
-            width: img_data.width(),
-        },
-    ))
+    img_data.copy_into(mapped_memory, sampled_image.row_size() as usize);
+
+    staging_buffer.unmap(device)?;
+
+    Ok((staging_buffer, sampled_image))
+}
+
+/// Errors that can be encountered when loading a texture.
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum TextureLoadError {
+    #[error("No available resources")]
+    NoResources,
 }
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/loader.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/loader.rs
index 5c85fd3..7f630ab 100644
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/loader.rs
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/loader.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,23 @@
 //! Manages the loading/unloading of textures
 
 use super::{
-    block::{LoadedImage, TexturesBlock},
-    load::{load_image, QueuedLoad, TextureLoadConfig, TextureLoadError, LAYERS, RESOURCES},
+    block::TexturesBlock,
+    load::{
+        load_image, QueuedLoad, TextureLoadConfig, TextureLoadError, FORMAT, LAYERS, RESOURCES,
+    },
     repo::BLOCK_SIZE,
     resolver::TextureResolver,
     PIXEL_SIZE,
 };
-use crate::{error::LockPoisoned, types::*, utils::find_memory_type_id};
+use crate::{
+    buffers::image::SampledImage,
+    context::RenderingContext,
+    error::{EnvironmentError, LockPoisoned},
+    mem::{MappableBlock, MemoryPool},
+    queue_negotiator::QueueFamilySelector,
+    types::*,
+    utils::get_pixel_size,
+};
 
 use std::{
     array::IntoIter,
@@ -26,18 +36,14 @@ use anyhow::{Context, Result};
 use arrayvec::ArrayVec;
 use hal::{
     command::{BufferImageCopy, CommandBufferFlags},
-    format::{Aspects, Format},
+    format::Aspects,
     image::{Access, Extent, Layout, Offset, SubresourceLayers, SubresourceRange},
-    memory::{Barrier, Dependencies, Properties as MemProps, SparseFlags},
+    memory::{Barrier, Dependencies},
     pso::{Descriptor, DescriptorSetWrite, ImageDescriptorType, PipelineStage, ShaderStageFlags},
-    queue::family::QueueFamilyId,
-    MemoryTypeId,
 };
 use image::{Rgba, RgbaImage};
 use log::*;
 use rendy_descriptor::{DescriptorRanges, DescriptorSetLayoutBinding, DescriptorType};
-use rendy_memory::DynamicConfig;
-use thiserror::Error;
 
 /// The number of command buffers to have in flight simultaneously.
 pub const NUM_SIMULTANEOUS_CMDS: usize = 2;
@@ -47,9 +53,15 @@ pub type BlockRef = usize;
 
 /// Manages the loading/unloading of textures
 /// This is expected to load the textures, then send the loaded blocks back
-pub struct TextureLoader<R: TextureResolver> {
+pub struct TextureLoader<R, TP, SP>
+where
+    R: TextureResolver,
+    TP: MemoryPool,
+    SP: MemoryPool,
+    SP::Block: MappableBlock,
+{
     /// Blocks for which commands have been queued and are done loading once the fence is triggered.
-    commands_queued: ArrayVec<[QueuedLoad<DynamicBlock>; NUM_SIMULTANEOUS_CMDS]>,
+    commands_queued: ArrayVec<[QueuedLoad<TP, SP>; NUM_SIMULTANEOUS_CMDS]>,
 
     /// The command buffers  used and a fence to go with them
     buffers: VecDeque<(FenceT, CommandBufferT)>,
@@ -64,21 +76,18 @@ pub struct TextureLoader<R: TextureResolver> {
     queue: Arc<RwLock<QueueT>>,
 
     /// The memory allocator being used for textures
-    tex_allocator: ManuallyDrop<DynamicAllocator>,
+    tex_mempool: Arc<RwLock<TP>>,
 
     /// The memory allocator for staging memory
-    staging_allocator: ManuallyDrop<DynamicAllocator>,
+    staging_mempool: Arc<RwLock<SP>>,
 
     /// Allocator for descriptor sets
     descriptor_allocator: ManuallyDrop<DescriptorAllocator>,
 
     ds_layout: Arc<RwLock<DescriptorSetLayoutT>>,
 
-    /// Type ID for staging memory
-    staging_memory_type: MemoryTypeId,
-
     /// From adapter, used for determining alignment
-    optimal_buffer_copy_pitch_alignment: hal::buffer::Offset,
+    optimal_buffer_copy_pitch_alignment: u32,
 
     /// Configuration for how to find and load textures
     config: TextureLoadConfig<R>,
@@ -88,19 +97,20 @@ pub struct TextureLoader<R: TextureResolver> {
     request_channel: Receiver<LoaderRequest>,
 
     /// The channel blocks are returned to.
-    return_channel: Sender<TexturesBlock<DynamicBlock>>,
+    return_channel: Sender<TexturesBlock<TP>>,
 
     /// A filler image for descriptors that aren't needed but still need to be written to
-    blank_image: ManuallyDrop<LoadedImage<DynamicBlock>>,
-}
-
-#[derive(Error, Debug)]
-pub enum TextureLoaderError {
-    #[error("Couldn't find a suitable memory type")]
-    NoMemoryTypes,
+    blank_image: ManuallyDrop<SampledImage<TP>>,
 }
 
-impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
+impl<R, TP, SP> TextureLoader<R, TP, SP>
+where
+    R: TextureResolver,
+    TP: MemoryPool,
+    SP: MemoryPool,
+    SP::Block: MappableBlock,
+{
+    /// Keep loading textures until asked to stop. This should be called from a seperate thread.
     pub fn loop_until_exit(mut self) -> Result<TextureLoaderRemains> {
         debug!("TextureLoader starting main loop");
         let mut res = Ok(false);
@@ -123,12 +133,15 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
             _ => unreachable!(),
         }
     }
+
     fn main(&mut self) -> Result<bool> {
+        // Get a device lock so we can check fence status
         let mut device = self
             .device
             .write()
             .map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)
             .context("Error getting device lock")?;
+
         // Check for blocks that are finished, then send them back
         let mut i = 0;
         while i < self.commands_queued.len() {
@@ -139,12 +152,21 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
                 let (assets, mut staging_bufs, block) = self.commands_queued.remove(i).dissolve();
                 debug!("Load finished for texture block {:?}", block.id);
 
+                // Lock staging memory pool
+                let mut staging_mempool = self
+                    .staging_mempool
+                    .write()
+                    .map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::MemoryPool)?;
+
                 // Destroy staging buffers
                 for buf in staging_bufs.drain(..) {
-                    buf.deactivate(&mut device, &mut self.staging_allocator);
+                    buf.deactivate_device_pool(&mut device, &mut *staging_mempool);
                 }
 
+                // Return assets used for loading
                 self.buffers.push_back(assets);
+
+                // Send back our loaded block
                 self.return_channel
                     .send(block)
                     .context("Error returning texture block")?;
@@ -153,6 +175,7 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
             }
         }
 
+        // Release device lock
         drop(device);
 
         // Check for messages to start loading blocks
@@ -181,97 +204,42 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
         Ok(false)
     }
 
-    pub fn new(
-        adapter: &Adapter,
-        device_lock: Arc<RwLock<DeviceT>>,
-        (family, queue_lock): (QueueFamilyId, Arc<RwLock<QueueT>>),
+    /// Create a new loader from the given context.
+    pub fn new<Q: QueueFamilySelector>(
+        context: &mut RenderingContext,
         ds_layout: Arc<RwLock<DescriptorSetLayoutT>>,
-        (request_channel, return_channel): (
-            Receiver<LoaderRequest>,
-            Sender<TexturesBlock<DynamicBlock>>,
-        ),
+        (request_channel, return_channel): (Receiver<LoaderRequest>, Sender<TexturesBlock<TP>>),
         config: TextureLoadConfig<R>,
     ) -> Result<Self> {
+        // Queue family & Lock
+        let family = context
+            .queue_negotiator_mut()
+            .family::<Q>()
+            .ok_or(EnvironmentError::NoSuitableFamilies)?;
+        let queue_lock = context
+            .queue_negotiator_mut()
+            .get_queue::<Q>()
+            .ok_or(EnvironmentError::NoQueues)?;
+
+        // Memory pools
+        let tex_mempool = context.memory_pool()?.clone();
+        let staging_mempool = context.memory_pool()?.clone();
+
+        // Lock device
+        let device_lock = context.device().clone();
         let mut device = device_lock
             .write()
             .map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)
             .context("Error getting device lock")?;
-        let device_props = adapter.physical_device.properties();
-
-        let type_mask = unsafe {
-            use hal::image::{Kind, Tiling, Usage, ViewCapabilities};
-
-            // We create an empty image with the same format as used for textures
-            // this is to get the type_mask required, which will stay the same for
-            // all colour images of the same tiling. (certain memory flags excluded).
-
-            // Size and alignment don't necessarily stay the same, so we're forced to
-            // guess at the alignment for our allocator.
-
-            // TODO: Way to tune these options
-            let img = device
-                .create_image(
-                    Kind::D2(16, 16, 1, 1),
-                    1,
-                    Format::Rgba8Srgb,
-                    Tiling::Optimal,
-                    Usage::SAMPLED,
-                    SparseFlags::empty(),
-                    ViewCapabilities::empty(),
-                )
-                .context("Error creating test image to get buffer settings")?;
-
-            let type_mask = device.get_image_requirements(&img).type_mask;
-
-            device.destroy_image(img);
 
-            type_mask
-        };
-
-        debug!("Using type mask {:?}", type_mask);
-
-        // Tex Allocator
-        let mut tex_allocator = {
-            let props = MemProps::DEVICE_LOCAL;
-
-            DynamicAllocator::new(
-                find_memory_type_id(adapter, type_mask, props)
-                    .ok_or(TextureLoaderError::NoMemoryTypes)
-                    .context("Couldn't create tex memory allocator")?,
-                props,
-                DynamicConfig {
-                    block_size_granularity: 4 * 32 * 32, // 32x32 image
-                    max_chunk_size: u64::pow(2, 63),
-                    min_device_allocation: 4 * 32 * 32,
-                },
-                device_props.limits.non_coherent_atom_size as u64,
-            )
-        };
-
-        let (staging_memory_type, mut staging_allocator) = {
-            let props = MemProps::CPU_VISIBLE | MemProps::COHERENT;
-            let t = find_memory_type_id(adapter, u32::MAX, props)
-                .ok_or(TextureLoaderError::NoMemoryTypes)
-                .context("Couldn't create staging memory allocator")?;
-            (
-                t,
-                DynamicAllocator::new(
-                    t,
-                    props,
-                    DynamicConfig {
-                        block_size_granularity: 4 * 32 * 32, // 32x32 image
-                        max_chunk_size: u64::pow(2, 63),
-                        min_device_allocation: 4 * 32 * 32,
-                    },
-                    device_props.limits.non_coherent_atom_size as u64,
-                ),
-            )
-        };
+        // Physical properties
+        let device_props = context.physical_device_properties();
+        let optimal_buffer_copy_pitch_alignment =
+            device_props.limits.optimal_buffer_copy_pitch_alignment as u32;
 
         // Pool
         let mut pool = unsafe {
             use hal::pool::CommandPoolCreateFlags;
-
             device.create_command_pool(family, CommandPoolCreateFlags::RESET_INDIVIDUAL)
         }
         .context("Error creating command pool")?;
@@ -293,16 +261,13 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
             data
         };
 
-        let optimal_buffer_copy_pitch_alignment =
-            device_props.limits.optimal_buffer_copy_pitch_alignment;
-
+        // Blank image (for padding descriptors)
         let blank_image = unsafe {
             Self::get_blank_image(
                 &mut device,
                 &mut buffers[0].1,
                 &queue_lock,
-                (&mut staging_allocator, &mut tex_allocator),
-                staging_memory_type,
+                (&staging_mempool, &tex_mempool),
                 optimal_buffer_copy_pitch_alignment,
                 &config,
             )
@@ -319,11 +284,10 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
             queue: queue_lock,
             ds_layout,
 
-            tex_allocator: ManuallyDrop::new(tex_allocator),
-            staging_allocator: ManuallyDrop::new(staging_allocator),
+            tex_mempool,
+            staging_mempool,
             descriptor_allocator: ManuallyDrop::new(DescriptorAllocator::new()),
 
-            staging_memory_type,
             optimal_buffer_copy_pitch_alignment,
 
             request_channel,
@@ -333,7 +297,7 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
         })
     }
 
-    unsafe fn attempt_queue_load(&mut self, block_ref: usize) -> Result<QueuedLoad<DynamicBlock>> {
+    unsafe fn attempt_queue_load(&mut self, block_ref: usize) -> Result<QueuedLoad<TP, SP>> {
         let mut device = self
             .device
             .write()
@@ -403,7 +367,7 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
                     binding: 0,
                     array_offset: tex_idx % BLOCK_SIZE,
                     descriptors: once(Descriptor::Image(
-                        &*self.blank_image.img_view,
+                        &*self.blank_image.img_view(),
                         Layout::ShaderReadOnlyOptimal,
                     )),
                 });
@@ -411,7 +375,7 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
                     set: descriptor_set.raw_mut(),
                     binding: 1,
                     array_offset: tex_idx % BLOCK_SIZE,
-                    descriptors: once(Descriptor::Sampler(&*self.blank_image.sampler)),
+                    descriptors: once(Descriptor::Sampler(&*self.blank_image.sampler())),
                 });
 
                 continue;
@@ -423,9 +387,8 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
 
             let (staging_buffer, img) = load_image(
                 &mut device,
-                &mut self.staging_allocator,
-                &mut self.tex_allocator,
-                self.staging_memory_type,
+                &mut self.staging_mempool,
+                &mut self.tex_mempool,
                 self.optimal_buffer_copy_pitch_alignment,
                 img_data,
                 &self.config,
@@ -438,7 +401,7 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
                     binding: 0,
                     array_offset,
                     descriptors: once(Descriptor::Image(
-                        &*img.img_view,
+                        img.img_view(),
                         Layout::ShaderReadOnlyOptimal,
                     )),
                 });
@@ -446,7 +409,7 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
                     set: descriptor_set.raw_mut(),
                     binding: 1,
                     array_offset,
-                    descriptors: once(Descriptor::Sampler(&*img.sampler)),
+                    descriptors: once(Descriptor::Sampler(img.sampler())),
                 });
             }
 
@@ -462,7 +425,7 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
             imgs.iter().map(|li| Barrier::Image {
                 states: (Access::empty(), Layout::Undefined)
                     ..(Access::TRANSFER_WRITE, Layout::TransferDstOptimal),
-                target: &*li.img,
+                target: &*li.img(),
                 families: None,
                 range: SubresourceRange {
                     aspects: Aspects::COLOR,
@@ -477,13 +440,13 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
         // Record copy commands
         for (li, sb) in imgs.iter().zip(staging_bufs.iter()) {
             buf.copy_buffer_to_image(
-                &*sb.buf,
-                &*li.img,
+                &*sb.buf(),
+                &*li.img(),
                 Layout::TransferDstOptimal,
                 once(BufferImageCopy {
                     buffer_offset: 0,
-                    buffer_width: (li.row_size / super::PIXEL_SIZE) as u32,
-                    buffer_height: li.height,
+                    buffer_width: (li.row_size() / get_pixel_size(FORMAT)) as u32,
+                    buffer_height: li.height(),
                     image_layers: SubresourceLayers {
                         aspects: Aspects::COLOR,
                         level: 0,
@@ -491,8 +454,8 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
                     },
                     image_offset: Offset { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 },
                     image_extent: gfx_hal::image::Extent {
-                        width: li.width,
-                        height: li.height,
+                        width: li.unpadded_row_size(),
+                        height: li.height(),
                         depth: 1,
                     },
                 }),
@@ -504,7 +467,7 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
             imgs.iter().map(|li| Barrier::Image {
                 states: (Access::TRANSFER_WRITE, Layout::TransferDstOptimal)
                     ..(Access::empty(), Layout::ShaderReadOnlyOptimal),
-                target: &*li.img,
+                target: &*li.img(),
                 families: None,
                 range: RESOURCES,
             }),
@@ -535,11 +498,10 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
         device: &mut DeviceT,
         buf: &mut CommandBufferT,
         queue_lock: &Arc<RwLock<QueueT>>,
-        (staging_allocator, tex_allocator): (&mut DynamicAllocator, &mut DynamicAllocator),
-        staging_memory_type: MemoryTypeId,
-        obcpa: u64,
+        (staging_mempool, tex_mempool): (&Arc<RwLock<SP>>, &Arc<RwLock<TP>>),
+        obcpa: u32,
         config: &TextureLoadConfig<R>,
-    ) -> Result<LoadedImage<DynamicBlock>> {
+    ) -> Result<SampledImage<TP>> {
         let img_data = RgbaImage::from_pixel(1, 1, Rgba([255, 0, 255, 255]));
 
         let height = img_data.height();
@@ -551,9 +513,8 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
 
         let (staging_buffer, img) = load_image(
             device,
-            staging_allocator,
-            tex_allocator,
-            staging_memory_type,
+            staging_mempool,
+            tex_mempool,
             obcpa,
             img_data,
             config,
@@ -567,7 +528,7 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
             once(Barrier::Image {
                 states: (Access::empty(), Layout::Undefined)
                     ..(Access::TRANSFER_WRITE, Layout::TransferDstOptimal),
-                target: &*img.img,
+                target: &*img.img(),
                 families: None,
                 range: SubresourceRange {
                     aspects: Aspects::COLOR,
@@ -579,8 +540,8 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
             }),
         );
         buf.copy_buffer_to_image(
-            &*staging_buffer.buf,
-            &*img.img,
+            &*staging_buffer.buf(),
+            &*img.img(),
             Layout::TransferDstOptimal,
             once(BufferImageCopy {
                 buffer_offset: 0,
@@ -602,7 +563,7 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
             once(Barrier::Image {
                 states: (Access::TRANSFER_WRITE, Layout::TransferDstOptimal)
                     ..(Access::empty(), Layout::ShaderReadOnlyOptimal),
-                target: &*img.img,
+                target: &*img.img(),
                 families: None,
                 range: RESOURCES,
             }),
@@ -628,7 +589,10 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
 
         device.destroy_fence(fence);
 
-        staging_buffer.deactivate(device, staging_allocator);
+        {
+            let mut staging_mempool = staging_mempool.write().unwrap();
+            staging_buffer.deactivate_device_pool(device, &mut *staging_mempool);
+        }
 
         Ok(img)
     }
@@ -658,8 +622,9 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
                         device.destroy_fence(assets.0);
                         // Command buffer will be freed when we reset the command pool
                         // Destroy staging buffers
+                        let mut staging_mempool = self.staging_mempool.write().unwrap();
                         for buf in staging_bufs.drain(..) {
-                            buf.deactivate(&mut device, &mut self.staging_allocator);
+                            buf.deactivate_device_pool(&mut device, &mut staging_mempool);
                         }
 
                         self.return_channel
@@ -674,7 +639,11 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
             }
 
             // Destroy blank image
-            read(&*self.blank_image).deactivate(&mut device, &mut *self.tex_allocator);
+            {
+                let mut tex_mempool = self.tex_mempool.write().unwrap();
+                read(&*self.blank_image)
+                    .deactivate_with_device_pool(&mut device, &mut *tex_mempool);
+            }
 
             // Destroy fences
 
@@ -690,7 +659,6 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
             debug!("Done deactivating TextureLoader");
 
             TextureLoaderRemains {
-                tex_allocator: ManuallyDrop::new(read(&*self.tex_allocator)),
                 descriptor_allocator: ManuallyDrop::new(read(&*self.descriptor_allocator)),
             }
         }
@@ -698,7 +666,6 @@ impl<R: TextureResolver> TextureLoader<R> {
 }
 
 pub struct TextureLoaderRemains {
-    pub tex_allocator: ManuallyDrop<DynamicAllocator>,
     pub descriptor_allocator: ManuallyDrop<DescriptorAllocator>,
 }
 
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/mod.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/mod.rs
index aef1b03..10fbbad 100644
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/mod.rs
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/mod.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ mod load;
 mod loader;
 mod repo;
 pub mod resolver;
-mod staging_buffer;
 
 pub use self::block::TexturesBlock;
 pub use self::image::LoadableImage;
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/repo.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/repo.rs
index 341d355..635eebb 100644
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/repo.rs
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/repo.rs
@@ -4,14 +4,15 @@ use super::{
     loader::{BlockRef, LoaderRequest, TextureLoader, TextureLoaderRemains, NUM_SIMULTANEOUS_CMDS},
     resolver::TextureResolver,
 };
-use crate::error::LockPoisoned;
-use crate::queue_negotiator::QueueFamilySelector;
 use crate::types::*;
+use crate::{context::RenderingContext, error::LockPoisoned, mem::MappableBlock};
+use crate::{mem::MemoryPool, queue_negotiator::QueueFamilySelector};
 
 use std::{
     array::IntoIter,
     collections::HashMap,
     iter::empty,
+    marker::PhantomData,
     mem::ManuallyDrop,
     sync::{
         mpsc::{channel, Receiver, Sender},
@@ -21,10 +22,7 @@ use std::{
 };
 
 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
-use hal::{
-    pso::{DescriptorSetLayoutBinding, DescriptorType, ImageDescriptorType, ShaderStageFlags},
-    queue::family::QueueFamilyId,
-};
+use hal::pso::{DescriptorSetLayoutBinding, DescriptorType, ImageDescriptorType, ShaderStageFlags};
 use log::debug;
 
 /// The number of textures in one 'block'
@@ -32,26 +30,46 @@ use log::debug;
 /// Whenever a texture is needed, the whole block its in is loaded.
 pub const BLOCK_SIZE: usize = 8;
 
-pub struct TextureRepo {
+/// An easy way to load [`super::LoadableImage`]s into GPU memory using another thread.
+/// This assumes each texture has a numeric id, and will group them into blocks of `[BLOCK_SIZE]`,
+/// yielding descriptor sets with that many samplers and images.
+/// You only need to supply a [`super::resolver::TextureResolver`] and create one from the main thread.
+/// Then, use [`get_ds_layout`] in your graphics pipeline.
+/// Make sure to call [`process_responses`] every frame.
+/// Then, whenever you draw, use [`attempt_get_descriptor_set`] to see if that texture has finished loading,
+/// or `queue_load` to start loading it ASAP.
+
+pub struct TextureRepo<TP, SP>
+where
+    TP: MemoryPool,
+    SP: MemoryPool,
+    SP::Block: MappableBlock,
+{
     joiner: ManuallyDrop<JoinHandle<Result<TextureLoaderRemains>>>,
     ds_layout: Arc<RwLock<DescriptorSetLayoutT>>,
     req_send: Sender<LoaderRequest>,
-    resp_recv: Receiver<TexturesBlock<DynamicBlock>>,
-    blocks: HashMap<BlockRef, Option<TexturesBlock<DynamicBlock>>>,
+    resp_recv: Receiver<TexturesBlock<TP>>,
+    blocks: HashMap<BlockRef, Option<TexturesBlock<TP>>>,
+    _d: PhantomData<(TP, SP)>,
 }
 
-impl TextureRepo {
-    pub fn new<R: 'static + TextureResolver + Send + Sync>(
-        device_lock: Arc<RwLock<DeviceT>>,
-        family: QueueFamilyId,
-        queue: Arc<RwLock<QueueT>>,
-        adapter: &Adapter,
+impl<TP, SP> TextureRepo<TP, SP>
+where
+    TP: MemoryPool,
+    SP: MemoryPool,
+    SP::Block: MappableBlock,
+{
+    /// Create a new TextureRepo from the given context.
+    /// Q should most likely be [`TexLoadQueue`]
+    pub fn new<R: 'static + TextureResolver + Send + Sync, Q: QueueFamilySelector>(
+        context: &mut RenderingContext,
         config: TextureLoadConfig<R>,
     ) -> Result<Self> {
         // Create Channels
         let (req_send, req_recv) = channel();
         let (resp_send, resp_recv) = channel();
-        let device = device_lock
+        let device = context
+            .device()
             .write()
             .map_err(|_| LockPoisoned::Device)
             .context("Error getting device lock")?;
@@ -91,10 +109,8 @@ impl TextureRepo {
         drop(device);
 
         let joiner = {
-            let loader = TextureLoader::new(
-                adapter,
-                device_lock.clone(),
-                (family, queue),
+            let loader = <TextureLoader<_, TP, SP>>::new::<Q>(
+                context,
                 ds_lock.clone(),
                 (req_recv, resp_send),
                 config,
@@ -109,9 +125,12 @@ impl TextureRepo {
             blocks: HashMap::new(),
             req_send,
             resp_recv,
+            _d: PhantomData,
         })
     }
 
+    /// Get the descriptor layout used for each texture descriptor
+    /// This can be used when creating graphics pipelines.
     pub fn get_ds_layout(&self) -> Result<RwLockReadGuard<DescriptorSetLayoutT>> {
         self.ds_layout
             .read()
@@ -119,6 +138,7 @@ impl TextureRepo {
             .context("Error locking descriptor set layout")
     }
 
+    /// Ask for the given block to be loaded, if it's not already.
     pub fn queue_load(&mut self, block_id: BlockRef) -> Result<()> {
         if self.blocks.contains_key(&block_id) {
             return Ok(());
@@ -127,6 +147,7 @@ impl TextureRepo {
         self.force_queue_load(block_id)
     }
 
+    /// Ask for the given block to be loaded, even if it already has been.
     pub fn force_queue_load(&mut self, block_id: BlockRef) -> Result<()> {
         self.req_send
             .send(LoaderRequest::Load(block_id))
@@ -137,12 +158,14 @@ impl TextureRepo {
         Ok(())
     }
 
+    /// Get the descriptor set for the given block, if it's loaded.
     pub fn attempt_get_descriptor_set(&mut self, block_id: BlockRef) -> Option<&DescriptorSetT> {
         self.blocks
             .get(&block_id)
             .and_then(|opt| opt.as_ref().map(|z| z.descriptor_set.raw()))
     }
 
+    /// Process any textures that just finished loading. This should be called every frame.
     pub fn process_responses(&mut self) {
         let resp_iter: Vec<_> = self.resp_recv.try_iter().collect();
         for resp in resp_iter {
@@ -151,7 +174,8 @@ impl TextureRepo {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn deactivate(mut self, device_lock: &Arc<RwLock<DeviceT>>) {
+    /// Destroy all vulkan objects. Should be called before dropping.
+    pub fn deactivate(mut self, context: &mut RenderingContext) {
         unsafe {
             use std::ptr::read;
 
@@ -162,22 +186,27 @@ impl TextureRepo {
             // Process any ones that just got done loading
             self.process_responses();
 
+            let mut tex_allocator = context
+                .existing_memory_pool::<TP>()
+                .unwrap()
+                .write()
+                .unwrap();
+
             // Only now can we lock device without deadlocking
-            let mut device = device_lock.write().unwrap();
+            let mut device = context.device().write().unwrap();
 
             // Return all the texture memory and descriptors.
             for (_, v) in self.blocks.drain() {
                 if let Some(block) = v {
                     block.deactivate(
                         &mut device,
-                        &mut *remains.tex_allocator,
+                        &mut *tex_allocator,
                         &mut remains.descriptor_allocator,
                     );
                 }
             }
 
-            // Dispose of both allocators
-            read(&*remains.tex_allocator).dispose();
+            // Dispose of the descriptor allocator
             read(&*remains.descriptor_allocator).dispose(&device);
 
             // Deactivate DS Layout
@@ -190,6 +219,7 @@ impl TextureRepo {
     }
 }
 
+/// The queue to use when loading textures
 pub struct TexLoadQueue;
 
 impl QueueFamilySelector for TexLoadQueue {
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/staging_buffer.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/staging_buffer.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 8d2ae17..0000000
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/texture/staging_buffer.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-#![allow(mutable_transmutes)]
-use crate::types::*;
-
-use std::mem::ManuallyDrop;
-
-use anyhow::{Context, Result};
-use hal::{device::MapError, memory::SparseFlags, MemoryTypeId};
-use rendy_memory::{Allocator, Block};
-
-pub struct StagingBuffer {
-    pub buf: ManuallyDrop<BufferT>,
-    pub mem: ManuallyDrop<DynamicBlock>,
-}
-
-impl StagingBuffer {
-    const USAGE: hal::buffer::Usage = hal::buffer::Usage::TRANSFER_SRC;
-
-    pub fn new(
-        device: &mut DeviceT,
-        alloc: &mut DynamicAllocator,
-        size: u64,
-        _memory_type_id: MemoryTypeId,
-    ) -> Result<StagingBuffer> {
-        let mut buffer = unsafe { device.create_buffer(size, Self::USAGE, SparseFlags::empty()) }
-            .context("Error creating buffer")?;
-
-        let requirements = unsafe { device.get_buffer_requirements(&buffer) };
-
-        let (memory, _) = alloc
-            .alloc(device, requirements.size, requirements.alignment)
-            .context("Error allocating staging memory")?;
-
-        unsafe { device.bind_buffer_memory(memory.memory(), 0, &mut buffer) }
-            .context("Error binding staging memory to buffer")?;
-
-        Ok(StagingBuffer {
-            buf: ManuallyDrop::new(buffer),
-            mem: ManuallyDrop::new(memory),
-        })
-    }
-
-    pub unsafe fn map_memory(&mut self, device: &mut DeviceT) -> Result<*mut u8, MapError> {
-        let range = 0..(self.mem.range().end - self.mem.range().start);
-        Ok(self.mem.map(device, range)?.ptr().as_mut())
-    }
-    pub unsafe fn unmap_memory(&mut self, device: &mut DeviceT) {
-        self.mem.unmap(device);
-    }
-
-    pub fn deactivate(self, device: &mut DeviceT, alloc: &mut DynamicAllocator) {
-        unsafe {
-            use std::ptr::read;
-            // Destroy buffer
-            device.destroy_buffer(read(&*self.buf));
-            // Free memory
-            alloc.free(device, read(&*self.mem));
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/stockton-skeleton/src/utils.rs b/stockton-skeleton/src/utils.rs
index 152ba10..253ad7f 100644
--- a/stockton-skeleton/src/utils.rs
+++ b/stockton-skeleton/src/utils.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use crate::types::*;
-use hal::{memory::Properties as MemProperties, MemoryTypeId};
+use hal::{format::Format, memory::Properties as MemProperties, MemoryTypeId};
 
 pub fn find_memory_type_id(
     adapter: &Adapter,
@@ -17,3 +17,7 @@ pub fn find_memory_type_id(
         })
         .map(|(id, _)| MemoryTypeId(id))
 }
+
+pub fn get_pixel_size(f: Format) -> u32 {
+    f.surface_desc().bits as u32 / 8
+}