Put functional tests in `tests/functional`

I think it is bad for these reasons when `tests/` contains a mix of
functional and integration tests

 - Concepts is harder to understand, the documentation makes a good
   unit vs functional vs integration distinction, but when the
   integration tests are just two subdirs within `tests/` this is not
   clear.

 - Source filtering in the `flake.nix` is more complex. We need to
   filter out some of the dirs from `tests/`, rather than simply pick
   the dirs we want and take all of them. This is a good sign the
   structure of what we are trying to do is not matching the structure
   of the files.

With this change we have a clean:
```shell-session
$ git show 'HEAD:tests'
tree HEAD:tests

functional/
installer/
nixos/
```

(cherry picked from commit 68c81c737571794f7246db53fb4774e94fcf4b7e)

1 files changed, 190 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/tests/functional/user-envs.sh b/tests/functional/user-envs.sh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d1260ba04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/functional/user-envs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+source common.sh
+
+if [ -z "${storeCleared-}" ]; then
+    clearStore
+fi
+
+clearProfiles
+
+# Query installed: should be empty.
+test "$(nix-env -p $profiles/test -q '*' | wc -l)" -eq 0
+
+nix-env --switch-profile $profiles/test
+
+# Query available: should contain several.
+test "$(nix-env -f ./user-envs.nix -qa '*' | wc -l)" -eq 6
+outPath10=$(nix-env -f ./user-envs.nix -qa --out-path --no-name '*' | grep foo-1.0)
+drvPath10=$(nix-env -f ./user-envs.nix -qa --drv-path --no-name '*' | grep foo-1.0)
+[ -n "$outPath10" -a -n "$drvPath10" ]
+
+# Query with json
+nix-env -f ./user-envs.nix -qa --json | jq -e '.[] | select(.name == "bar-0.1") | [
+    .outputName == "out",
+    .outputs.out == null
+] | all'
+nix-env -f ./user-envs.nix -qa --json --out-path | jq -e '.[] | select(.name == "bar-0.1") | [
+    .outputName == "out",
+    (.outputs.out | test("'$NIX_STORE_DIR'.*-0\\.1"))
+] | all'
+
+# Query descriptions.
+nix-env -f ./user-envs.nix -qa '*' --description | grepQuiet silly
+rm -rf $HOME/.nix-defexpr
+ln -s $(pwd)/user-envs.nix $HOME/.nix-defexpr
+nix-env -qa '*' --description | grepQuiet silly
+
+# Query the system.
+nix-env -qa '*' --system | grepQuiet $system
+
+# Install "foo-1.0".
+nix-env -i foo-1.0
+
+# Query installed: should contain foo-1.0 now (which should be
+# executable).
+test "$(nix-env -q '*' | wc -l)" -eq 1
+nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet foo-1.0
+test "$($profiles/test/bin/foo)" = "foo-1.0"
+
+# Test nix-env -qc to compare installed against available packages, and vice versa.
+nix-env -qc '*' | grepQuiet '< 2.0'
+nix-env -qac '*' | grepQuiet '> 1.0'
+
+# Test the -b flag to filter out source-only packages.
+[ "$(nix-env -qab | wc -l)" -eq 1 ]
+
+# Test the -s flag to get package status.
+nix-env -qas | grepQuiet 'IP-  foo-1.0'
+nix-env -qas | grepQuiet -- '---  bar-0.1'
+
+# Disable foo.
+nix-env --set-flag active false foo
+(! [ -e "$profiles/test/bin/foo" ])
+
+# Enable foo.
+nix-env --set-flag active true foo
+[ -e "$profiles/test/bin/foo" ]
+
+# Store the path of foo-1.0.
+outPath10_=$(nix-env -q --out-path --no-name '*' | grep foo-1.0)
+echo "foo-1.0 = $outPath10"
+[ "$outPath10" = "$outPath10_" ]
+
+# Install "foo-2.0pre1": should remove foo-1.0.
+nix-env -i foo-2.0pre1
+
+# Query installed: should contain foo-2.0pre1 now.
+test "$(nix-env -q '*' | wc -l)" -eq 1
+nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet foo-2.0pre1
+test "$($profiles/test/bin/foo)" = "foo-2.0pre1"
+
+# Upgrade "foo": should install foo-2.0.
+NIX_PATH=nixpkgs=./user-envs.nix:${NIX_PATH-} nix-env -f '<nixpkgs>' -u foo
+
+# Query installed: should contain foo-2.0 now.
+test "$(nix-env -q '*' | wc -l)" -eq 1
+nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet foo-2.0
+test "$($profiles/test/bin/foo)" = "foo-2.0"
+
+# Store the path of foo-2.0.
+outPath20=$(nix-env -q --out-path --no-name '*' | grep foo-2.0)
+test -n "$outPath20"
+
+# Install bar-0.1, uninstall foo.
+nix-env -i bar-0.1
+nix-env -e foo
+
+# Query installed: should only contain bar-0.1 now.
+if nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet foo; then false; fi
+nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet bar
+
+# Rollback: should bring "foo" back.
+oldGen="$(nix-store -q --resolve $profiles/test)"
+nix-env --rollback
+[ "$(nix-store -q --resolve $profiles/test)" != "$oldGen" ]
+nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet foo-2.0
+nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet bar
+
+# Rollback again: should remove "bar".
+nix-env --rollback
+nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet foo-2.0
+if nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet bar; then false; fi
+
+# Count generations.
+nix-env --list-generations
+test "$(nix-env --list-generations | wc -l)" -eq 7
+
+# Doing the same operation twice results in the same generation, which triggers
+# "lazy" behaviour and does not create a new symlink.
+
+nix-env -i foo
+nix-env -i foo
+
+# Count generations.
+nix-env --list-generations
+test "$(nix-env --list-generations | wc -l)" -eq 8
+
+# Switch to a specified generation.
+nix-env --switch-generation 7
+[ "$(nix-store -q --resolve $profiles/test)" = "$oldGen" ]
+
+# Install foo-1.0, now using its store path.
+nix-env -i "$outPath10"
+nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet foo-1.0
+nix-store -qR $profiles/test | grep "$outPath10"
+nix-store -q --referrers-closure $profiles/test | grep "$(nix-store -q --resolve $profiles/test)"
+[ "$(nix-store -q --deriver "$outPath10")" = $drvPath10 ]
+
+# Uninstall foo-1.0, using a symlink to its store path.
+ln -sfn $outPath10/bin/foo $TEST_ROOT/symlink
+nix-env -e $TEST_ROOT/symlink
+if nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet foo; then false; fi
+nix-store -qR $profiles/test | grepInverse "$outPath10"
+
+# Install foo-1.0, now using a symlink to its store path.
+nix-env -i $TEST_ROOT/symlink
+nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet foo
+
+# Delete all old generations.
+nix-env --delete-generations old
+
+# Run the garbage collector.  This should get rid of foo-2.0 but not
+# foo-1.0.
+nix-collect-garbage
+test -e "$outPath10"
+(! [ -e "$outPath20" ])
+
+# Uninstall everything
+nix-env -e '*'
+test "$(nix-env -q '*' | wc -l)" -eq 0
+
+# Installing "foo" should only install the newest foo.
+nix-env -i foo
+test "$(nix-env -q '*' | grep foo- | wc -l)" -eq 1
+nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet foo-2.0
+
+# On the other hand, this should install both (and should fail due to
+# a collision).
+nix-env -e '*'
+(! nix-env -i foo-1.0 foo-2.0)
+
+# Installing "*" should install one foo and one bar.
+nix-env -e '*'
+nix-env -i '*'
+test "$(nix-env -q '*' | wc -l)" -eq 2
+nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet foo-2.0
+nix-env -q '*' | grepQuiet bar-0.1.1
+
+# Test priorities: foo-0.1 has a lower priority than foo-1.0, so it
+# should be possible to install both without a collision.  Also test
+# ‘--set-flag priority’ to manually override the declared priorities.
+nix-env -e '*'
+nix-env -i foo-0.1 foo-1.0
+[ "$($profiles/test/bin/foo)" = "foo-1.0" ]
+nix-env --set-flag priority 1 foo-0.1
+[ "$($profiles/test/bin/foo)" = "foo-0.1" ]
+
+# Test nix-env --set.
+nix-env --set $outPath10
+[ "$(nix-store -q --resolve $profiles/test)" = $outPath10 ]
+nix-env --set $drvPath10
+[ "$(nix-store -q --resolve $profiles/test)" = $outPath10 ]