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-<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
- xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
- xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
- version="5.0"
- xml:id="ssec-relnotes-0.12">
-
-<title>Release 0.12 (2008-11-20)</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Nix no longer uses Berkeley DB to store Nix store metadata.
- The principal advantages of the new storage scheme are: it works
- properly over decent implementations of NFS (allowing Nix stores
- to be shared between multiple machines); no recovery is needed
- when a Nix process crashes; no write access is needed for
- read-only operations; no more running out of Berkeley DB locks on
- certain operations.</para>
-
- <para>You still need to compile Nix with Berkeley DB support if
- you want Nix to automatically convert your old Nix store to the
- new schema. If you don’t need this, you can build Nix with the
- <filename>configure</filename> option
- <option>--disable-old-db-compat</option>.</para>
-
- <para>After the automatic conversion to the new schema, you can
- delete the old Berkeley DB files:
-
- <screen>
-$ cd /nix/var/nix/db
-$ rm __db* log.* derivers references referrers reserved validpaths DB_CONFIG</screen>
-
- The new metadata is stored in the directories
- <filename>/nix/var/nix/db/info</filename> and
- <filename>/nix/var/nix/db/referrer</filename>. Though the
- metadata is stored in human-readable plain-text files, they are
- not intended to be human-editable, as Nix is rather strict about
- the format.</para>
-
- <para>The new storage schema may or may not require less disk
- space than the Berkeley DB environment, mostly depending on the
- cluster size of your file system. With 1 KiB clusters (which
- seems to be the <literal>ext3</literal> default nowadays) it
- usually takes up much less space.</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>There is a new substituter that copies paths
- directly from other (remote) Nix stores mounted somewhere in the
- filesystem. For instance, you can speed up an installation by
- mounting some remote Nix store that already has the packages in
- question via NFS or <literal>sshfs</literal>. The environment
- variable <literal>NIX_OTHER_STORES</literal> specifies the locations of
- the remote Nix directories,
- e.g. <literal>/mnt/remote-fs/nix</literal>.</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>New <command>nix-store</command> operations
- <option>--dump-db</option> and <option>--load-db</option> to dump
- and reload the Nix database.</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>The garbage collector has a number of new options to
- allow only some of the garbage to be deleted. The option
- <option>--max-freed <emphasis>N</emphasis></option> tells the
- collector to stop after at least <emphasis>N</emphasis> bytes
- have been deleted. The option <option>--max-links
- <emphasis>N</emphasis></option> tells it to stop after the
- link count on <filename>/nix/store</filename> has dropped below
- <emphasis>N</emphasis>. This is useful for very large Nix
- stores on filesystems with a 32000 subdirectories limit (like
- <literal>ext3</literal>). The option <option>--use-atime</option>
- causes store paths to be deleted in order of ascending last access
- time. This allows non-recently used stuff to be deleted. The
- option <option>--max-atime <emphasis>time</emphasis></option>
- specifies an upper limit to the last accessed time of paths that may
- be deleted. For instance,
-
- <screen>
- $ nix-store --gc -v --max-atime $(date +%s -d "2 months ago")</screen>
-
- deletes everything that hasn’t been accessed in two months.</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para><command>nix-env</command> now uses optimistic
- profile locking when performing an operation like installing or
- upgrading, instead of setting an exclusive lock on the profile.
- This allows multiple <command>nix-env -i / -u / -e</command>
- operations on the same profile in parallel. If a
- <command>nix-env</command> operation sees at the end that the profile
- was changed in the meantime by another process, it will just
- restart. This is generally cheap because the build results are
- still in the Nix store.</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>The option <option>--dry-run</option> is now
- supported by <command>nix-store -r</command> and
- <command>nix-build</command>.</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>The information previously shown by
- <option>--dry-run</option> (i.e., which derivations will be built
- and which paths will be substituted) is now always shown by
- <command>nix-env</command>, <command>nix-store -r</command> and
- <command>nix-build</command>. The total download size of
- substitutable paths is now also shown. For instance, a build will
- show something like
-
- <screen>
-the following derivations will be built:
- /nix/store/129sbxnk5n466zg6r1qmq1xjv9zymyy7-activate-configuration.sh.drv
- /nix/store/7mzy971rdm8l566ch8hgxaf89x7lr7ik-upstart-jobs.drv
- ...
-the following paths will be downloaded/copied (30.02 MiB):
- /nix/store/4m8pvgy2dcjgppf5b4cj5l6wyshjhalj-samba-3.2.4
- /nix/store/7h1kwcj29ip8vk26rhmx6bfjraxp0g4l-libunwind-0.98.6
- ...</screen>
-
- </para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Language features:
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem><para>@-patterns as in Haskell. For instance, in a
- function definition
-
- <programlisting>f = args @ {x, y, z}: <emphasis>...</emphasis>;</programlisting>
-
- <varname>args</varname> refers to the argument as a whole, which
- is further pattern-matched against the attribute set pattern
- <literal>{x, y, z}</literal>.</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>“<literal>...</literal>” (ellipsis) patterns.
- An attribute set pattern can now say <literal>...</literal> at
- the end of the attribute name list to specify that the function
- takes <emphasis>at least</emphasis> the listed attributes, while
- ignoring additional attributes. For instance,
-
- <programlisting>{stdenv, fetchurl, fuse, ...}: <emphasis>...</emphasis></programlisting>
-
- defines a function that accepts any attribute set that includes
- at least the three listed attributes.</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>New primops:
- <varname>builtins.parseDrvName</varname> (split a package name
- string like <literal>"nix-0.12pre12876"</literal> into its name
- and version components, e.g. <literal>"nix"</literal> and
- <literal>"0.12pre12876"</literal>),
- <varname>builtins.compareVersions</varname> (compare two version
- strings using the same algorithm that <command>nix-env</command>
- uses), <varname>builtins.length</varname> (efficiently compute
- the length of a list), <varname>builtins.mul</varname> (integer
- multiplication), <varname>builtins.div</varname> (integer
- division).
- <!-- <varname>builtins.genericClosure</varname> -->
- </para></listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para><command>nix-prefetch-url</command> now supports
- <literal>mirror://</literal> URLs, provided that the environment
- variable <literal>NIXPKGS_ALL</literal> points at a Nixpkgs
- tree.</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Removed the commands
- <command>nix-pack-closure</command> and
- <command>nix-unpack-closure</command>. You can do almost the same
- thing but much more efficiently by doing <literal>nix-store --export
- $(nix-store -qR <emphasis>paths</emphasis>) > closure</literal> and
- <literal>nix-store --import &lt;
- closure</literal>.</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Lots of bug fixes, including a big performance bug in
- the handling of <literal>with</literal>-expressions.</para></listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-
-</section>