diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/manual/src/package-management/basic-package-mgmt.md')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/manual/src/package-management/basic-package-mgmt.md | 65 |
1 files changed, 36 insertions, 29 deletions
diff --git a/doc/manual/src/package-management/basic-package-mgmt.md b/doc/manual/src/package-management/basic-package-mgmt.md index 9702a29eb..5f1d7a89c 100644 --- a/doc/manual/src/package-management/basic-package-mgmt.md +++ b/doc/manual/src/package-management/basic-package-mgmt.md @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ collection; you could write your own Nix expressions based on Nixpkgs, or completely new ones.) You can manually download the latest version of Nixpkgs from -<http://nixos.org/nixpkgs/download.html>. However, it’s much more +<https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs>. However, it’s much more convenient to use the Nixpkgs [*channel*](channels.md), since it makes it easy to stay up to date with new versions of Nixpkgs. Nixpkgs is automatically added to your list of “subscribed” channels when you @@ -40,48 +40,52 @@ $ nix-channel --update > > On NixOS, you’re automatically subscribed to a NixOS channel > corresponding to your NixOS major release (e.g. -> <http://nixos.org/channels/nixos-14.12>). A NixOS channel is identical +> <http://nixos.org/channels/nixos-21.11>). A NixOS channel is identical > to the Nixpkgs channel, except that it contains only Linux binaries > and is updated only if a set of regression tests succeed. You can view the set of available packages in Nixpkgs: ```console -$ nix-env -qa -aterm-2.2 -bash-3.0 -binutils-2.15 -bison-1.875d -blackdown-1.4.2 -bzip2-1.0.2 +$ nix-env -qaP +nixpkgs.aterm aterm-2.2 +nixpkgs.bash bash-3.0 +nixpkgs.binutils binutils-2.15 +nixpkgs.bison bison-1.875d +nixpkgs.blackdown blackdown-1.4.2 +nixpkgs.bzip2 bzip2-1.0.2 … ``` -The flag `-q` specifies a query operation, and `-a` means that you want +The flag `-q` specifies a query operation, `-a` means that you want to show the “available” (i.e., installable) packages, as opposed to the -installed packages. If you downloaded Nixpkgs yourself, or if you -checked it out from GitHub, then you need to pass the path to your -Nixpkgs tree using the `-f` flag: +installed packages, and `-P` prints the attribute paths that can be used +to unambiguously select a package for installation (listed in the first column). +If you downloaded Nixpkgs yourself, or if you checked it out from GitHub, +then you need to pass the path to your Nixpkgs tree using the `-f` flag: ```console -$ nix-env -qaf /path/to/nixpkgs +$ nix-env -qaPf /path/to/nixpkgs +aterm aterm-2.2 +bash bash-3.0 +… ``` where */path/to/nixpkgs* is where you’ve unpacked or checked out Nixpkgs. -You can select specific packages by name: +You can filter the packages by name: ```console -$ nix-env -qa firefox -firefox-34.0.5 -firefox-with-plugins-34.0.5 +$ nix-env -qaP firefox +nixpkgs.firefox-esr firefox-91.3.0esr +nixpkgs.firefox firefox-94.0.1 ``` and using regular expressions: ```console -$ nix-env -qa 'firefox.*' +$ nix-env -qaP 'firefox.*' ``` It is also possible to see the *status* of available packages, i.e., @@ -89,11 +93,11 @@ whether they are installed into the user environment and/or present in the system: ```console -$ nix-env -qas +$ nix-env -qaPs … --PS bash-3.0 ---S binutils-2.15 -IPS bison-1.875d +-PS nixpkgs.bash bash-3.0 +--S nixpkgs.binutils binutils-2.15 +IPS nixpkgs.bison bison-1.875d … ``` @@ -106,13 +110,13 @@ which is Nix’s mechanism for doing binary deployment. It just means that Nix knows that it can fetch a pre-built package from somewhere (typically a network server) instead of building it locally. -You can install a package using `nix-env -i`. For instance, +You can install a package using `nix-env -iA`. For instance, ```console -$ nix-env -i subversion +$ nix-env -iA nixpkgs.subversion ``` -will install the package called `subversion` (which is, of course, the +will install the package called `subversion` from `nixpkgs` channel (which is, of course, the [Subversion version management system](http://subversion.tigris.org/)). > **Note** @@ -122,7 +126,7 @@ will install the package called `subversion` (which is, of course, the > binary cache <https://cache.nixos.org>; it contains binaries for most > packages in Nixpkgs. Only if no binary is available in the binary > cache, Nix will build the package from source. So if `nix-env -> -i subversion` results in Nix building stuff from source, then either +> -iA nixpkgs.subversion` results in Nix building stuff from source, then either > the package is not built for your platform by the Nixpkgs build > servers, or your version of Nixpkgs is too old or too new. For > instance, if you have a very recent checkout of Nixpkgs, then the @@ -133,7 +137,10 @@ will install the package called `subversion` (which is, of course, the > using a Git checkout of the Nixpkgs tree), you will get binaries for > most packages. -Naturally, packages can also be uninstalled: +Naturally, packages can also be uninstalled. Unlike when installing, you will +need to use the derivation name (though the version part can be omitted), +instead of the attribute path, as `nix-env` does not record which attribute +was used for installing: ```console $ nix-env -e subversion @@ -143,7 +150,7 @@ Upgrading to a new version is just as easy. If you have a new release of Nix Packages, you can do: ```console -$ nix-env -u subversion +$ nix-env -uA nixpkgs.subversion ``` This will *only* upgrade Subversion if there is a “newer” version in the |